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Show 46 NIVE We T A Ps : é " S aye Q74 PRICKLY SALTWORT. of an ounce or ten drachms ; andhasthe peculiar advantage over these two salts, of being much less nauseous than they are. Its taste is extremely similar to that of common salt; and, when given in a bason of water-gruel, or veal broth, made without salt, it is scarcely perceptible by the palate 5 and consequently and it is well adapted for patients whose stomachs aredelicate, who hare an antipathy against the othersalts. The onlyobjec- its tion to its general use is the very great difference between price and that of sulphate of soda; a difference which might certainly be diminished. SurrHATEe oF SopA, FoRMERLY GrAuseR’s SALT. (Sulphas Sede, olim Sal Glauberi. E.) ion of Dissolve the acidulous salt which remains after the distillat to reit, with chalk mixed having muriatic acid in water; and submove the superfluous acid, set it aside until the sediment strain and them, from d decante liquor the te sides ; then evapora through paper, so that it may crystallize. Virrrotatep Natron. (Natron Vitriolatum. L.) Take of the salt which remains after the distillation of mv. riatic acid, two pounds ; distilled water, two pints and a half: Burn out the superfluous acid with a strong fire in an open Ves sel; then boil it for a little in water: strain the solution, and set it by to crystallize. SutpHate or Sopa. (Sulphas Sode. D.) salt, which remains after the distilla¢ion of muriatic the e Dissolv acid, in a sufficient quantity of boiling water. Tvaporate the filtered solution, and crystallize the salt by slow refrigeration. The observations we made respecting the different methods of potash from followed bythe colleges for extracting sulphate the residuumof the distillation of nitrous acid, apply in the pre- PRICKLY SALTWORT. 975 sake of other substances, as in the preparation of muriate of ammonia, oxygenized muriatic acid, &c. It may be cconomically obtained by making into a paste, with a sufficient quantity of water, eight parts of burnt gypsum, five of clay, and five of muriate of soda. This mixture is burnt in a kiln or oven, then ground to powder, diffused in a sufficient quantity of water, and, after being strained, is evaporated andcrystallized. Sulphate of soda crystallizes in six-sided prisms, terminated by dihedral summits. The crystals are often irregular, and their sides are usually channelled. Their taste is at first salt, and afterwards disagreeably bitter. They are soluble in 2:67 parts of water at 60°, and in 0-8 at 212°. In the airtheyeffloresce. They undergo the watery fusion, and, in a red heat, melt. They consist of 23:52 sulphuric acid, 18-48 soda, and 58 water; when dried at 700°, of 56 acid, and 44 soda. It is decomposed by baryta and potash, and salts containing these bases, and by the salts of silver, mercury, and lead. MEDICAL USE, Taken from half an ounce fo an ounce, or more, it proves a mild and useful purgative; and, in smaller doses, largely diluted a serviceable aperient and diuretic. It is commonly given in solution, but it may also be given in powder afterit has effloresced. In this form the dose must be reducedto one half. > 7 Tarrerre or Porasn aNnb Sopa, FormErty Rocuete Sarr. (Tartris Potasse et Soda, olim Sal Rupellensis. E.) It is prepared from the carbonateof soda and super-tartrate of Potash, in the same manner as thetartrate of potash. Tarrarizen Natron. (Natron Tartarizatum. L.) or Sopa anp Kart. Tarrrate (Tartaras Sode et Kali. E.) Take of carbonate of soda, twenty ounces ; sent instance, except that the Edinburghcollege do not preserve the superabundant acid, when present, by saturating it with carcarbonate of soda, but get rid of it by saturating it with of sulphate e insolubl an forms it which with lime, of bonate small, lime. Infact, the price of sulphate of soda is so very aineet aside to crystallize (by slow cooling, D.). for the from manufacturers as a result of processes performed : The tartaric acid, in several instances, is capable of entering into Combination, at the same time, with two bases. In the Present example, the superabundant acidof the super-tartrate of Potash is neutralized with soda, and, in place of a mixture of satuthat it would be no economy to use carbonate of soda to ; rate the superabundant acid. Byfar the greatest part.of the sulphate of soda is obtained “——— crystals of tartar, in very fine powder, two pounds ; —— distilled water, boiling, ten pints : Dissolve the carbonate of soda in the water, and gradually add the crystals of tartar: filter the liquor through paper ; evaporate, tT 2 |