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Show 66 V. KEYAH SANI Pueblos. The Pueblos may have joined the Navajos during periods of drought, when crops failed. In turn the Navajos probably came to the Pueblos during hard winters, when game was scarce. About a.d. 1400, a more complex type of kachina religion spread into Navajoland along the Rio Grande. It came from Mexico. The arrival of the Spaniards nearly destroyed this kachina religion in the northern Rio Grande Pueblos. In the western Pueblos like Hopi and Zuni, though, it stayed active and grew. The butterfly took on a new meaning as a sign of life and growth. Rock carvings show the mask of the Polik-Mana, the Butterfly Maiden Kachina. Perhaps the stories of White Butterfly and Younger Brother's many butterfly forms come from this time. They were included in the Water Way. Dinetah The oldest hogan sites found in the Southwest date from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Some are in the Four Corners and Gobernador areas. Others have been found in New Mexico on Chaco Mesa (in the northeast) and on Mariano Mesa (near Quemado). Oral tradition now names Gobernador as the Dinetah, or Navajo homeland. More likely, though, the People were living throughout the whole northwestern quarter of New Mexico when the Spaniards arrived. They probably spent most of their time on the mesa tops and in the mountains. They may have been as far west as the Chuskas, Lukachukai, and Canyon de Chelly. The many events in the long journey from Canada to the Southwest changed the Athabascans. Today they are not one group, but many related peoples, different in language and culture. In terms of speech, the eastern group is composed of the Jicarilla and Lipan Apaches and the more remote Kiowa Apaches. The western group includes the Navajos and the Chiricahua, Mescalero, and Western Apaches. The language of the Western Apaches is closer to Navajo than to Chiricahua and Mescalero. The Western Apaches and the Navajos are alike in another way. Of the southern Athabascans, only they have true clan systems. The Navajos themselves are a people of many clans. In 1890 Hataalii Nez could name at least thirty-eight clans. These were made up not only of Navajos and Apaches, but of other people as well. These clans included those of the Yumans (Havasupai and either Mohave or Walapai), Utes, and Mexicans. Pueblo clans came from Zuni, Acoma or Laguna, and the Pueblos east of the |