Show passive intervention Health promotion and disease prevention initiatives which do not require the direct involvement of the individual g fluoridation programs are termed passive Most often these types of initiatives are services to purchasers usually at discounted rates in retum for expedited claims payment andsomewhat predictable market share In this model consumers havechoice of using PPO or non-PPO providers however financial incentives are built in to benefit structures to encourage utilization of PPO Government sponsored providers peer review Generally the evaluation by practicing physicians or other professionals of the effectiveness and efficiency of services ordered or performed by other member of the profession peers Frequently peer review refers to the activities of the Professional Review Organizations and also to review of research by other prevalence researchers point of service health insurance benefits program in which subscribers can select between different delivery systems e HMO PPO and fee-for-service when in need of health care services rather than making the selection between delivery systems at time of open enroliment at place of employment Typically the costs associated with receiving care from HMO providers are less than when care is rendered by PPO or noncontracting providers portability Requirement that health plans guarantee continuous coverage without waiting periods The number of cases of disease infected persons or persons with some other attribute present atparticular time and in relation to the size of the population from which drawn It can bemeasurement of morbidity atmoment in time g the number of cases of hemophilia in the country as of the first of the year primary care Basic or general health care focused on the point at whichpatient ideally first seeks assistance from medical care system Primary care is considered comprehensive when the primary provider takes responsibility for the overall coordination of the care of the patienthealth problems be they biological behavioral or social The appropriate use of consultants and community resources is an important part of effective primary care Such care is generally provided by physicians but is increasingly provided by other personnel such as nurse practitioners or physician assistants for persons moving between plans practice guidelines parameters Standards used to guide providers based on accepted clinical treatment protocols for typical cases Preferred Provider Organization PPO Formally organized entity generally consisting of hospital and physician providers The PPO provides health care prospective payment Any method of paying hospitals or other health programs in which amounts or rates of payment established in advance fordefined period usuallyyear Institutions are paid these amounts regardless of the costs they actually incur These systems of payment are designed to introducedegree of constraint on charge or costs increases by setting limits on amounts paid duringfuture period In some cases such systems Digital image 2005 Marriott Library University of Utah Al rights reserved |