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Show 20 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF LNDIAN AFFAII1EI. but the number must gradually decrease until finally all matters relating to adult Indians will be absorbed in the more important one of educa-tion. Permanency of appointment, fixedness of policy, selection based \ on merit, will unquestionably secure a higher type of officials than can 1 be obtained in any other manner. At present there are 22 agencies under the control of bonded super-intendents, as follows: Cherokee, N. C. ; Colorado River, Ariz. ; Grande Ronde, Oreg. ; Hoopa Valley, Cal. ; Jicarilla, N. Mex. ; Lemhi, Idaho; Mescalero, N. Mex.; Neah Bay, Wash.; Nevada, Nev.; Nez Perc6s p o r t Lapwai), Idaho; Pawnee, Okla.; Puyallup, Wmh.; Qna- - paw (Seneca), Ind. T.; Round Valley, Cal.; Santee, Nebr.; Siletz, Oreg.; Tnlalip, Wash.; Umatilla, Oreg.; Warm Spiing~, Oreg.; Western Shoshone, Nev.; Yakima, Wash.; Yankton, S. Dak. The foregoing represent complete reservations, but when the adult Indians have taken allotments and become practically citizens, or when groups of Indians on a reservation are so located as to be contiguous to a training school, certain portions of tribes or reservations have been segregakcd from the agencies, and the duties pertaining to such por- - tions have been devolved on the bonded superintendent of the school. On account of his position, it haa been found that, without materially affecting his school duties, he has been better able to control the civili-zation and educational interests of all, both adult and child. Indians in the transitional period require supervision more of an adviser and friend than of a ruler, and in this r6le the superintendent can more . effectively counsel in business, in agriculture, in trade, in domestic relations, and the general duties of life. A smaller number in hi8 charge is the result of these changes, thus bringing the Government representative into closer contact with his charges for individual treatment. It is believed that agents generally have an interest in the welfare and material prosperity of their schools, but they can not be as well acquainted as a snperintendent with the ambitions, hopes, and desires of the child for better things than the indolent life of the camp. Their school life has instilled other ideas and other aspirations, but the agent, dealing largely with the old Indians, whose ideas of civili- '1 zation and right living are primitive, can not understand, and they are treated accordingly. When a pupil returns from school to the resemtion and finds itself treated as a camp Indian, without any par-ticular encouragement given to the fond hopes which have been cher-ished and cultivated, not even given credit for what is really known, an uncouscious spirit of rebellion rises in its heart; but a superin- . tendent who has probably for years come in daily contact with the child during a part of its school life, and has been personally iuter-ested in seeing the minds of his youthful charges gradually unfold, with new desires created and brighter anticipations formed, can better |