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Show REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF INDIAN AFFAIRS. 65 thine is to teach them the Enelisb laneuage. Into their own laneoaee there is woven so nkch m~.thologya nd sorcery 1bnr a n e w ooo is 11erded i n ~ r d &tb .ai,l them in 811. valncisg beyond tboir banelul sapersriribns; and the idea~rrnd thoughta of eirtlincd life cannot be rumo~uuicnted to them in rbrir own rongues. TnE RU&TION OW THE AXMI TO TEESE LYDIASJ. Your commission cannot refrain from expressing ita opinion concerning the effeet of the presence of soldiers among these Indians where they me no longer needed to keep them under subjection. They regard the presence of 5 soldier as a standing menace, and to them the very name of soldier is [iynonymoos with all that iis offensire aud evil. To the soldier they attribute their social demoralization and the unmentionable dig eases with which they are infested. Erewwhere, as we traveled among these Indians. the qnestion would beasked us, " If we go to a reservation will the Government place soldiers there*" And to such a removal two objection8 were invariably urged ; the first was, "We do not wish to desert the graves of our fathers," and the seoaod, "We do not wish to eive our women to the embrace of the soldiers." I i the tmop<are nut ut,*olnreIy nt.a!marg in rhu rounrry ior ttte porpORc of war-swing thew Indinns, or prof?< tins tllurnl lo thclr rights againat rhn n!~rraaclmcnts uf \rhito nwn. it will be r0llrerh.d tll;lt tllrv hllould be rdlnov~d. W; havealready expressed the opinion that they are not needed to prevent a, en era1 war, and we believe that they are not llseful in aecuring jnstice between w%ite men and Indiana and between Indians and Indians. In war we deal with people as organized into nationalities, not as individuals. Same hungry Indian steals cl beef, some tired Indisn steals a horse, a vicious Indian commits s. depredation, aod flies to the mountains. No effort is made to punish the real offender, but the first Indian met is shot st sight. Then, perhaps, the Indians rataliate, and the news is spread through the oonntry that war has broken out with the Indians. Troops are sent to the district aud wander around mong the mountains and return. Perhapa a few Indians are killed, and perhaps a few white men. Usually in all such cases the white man ia the chief sofferer, for he has property whiohoan be spoiled, and the Indian has none that he can-not easily hide in the rooka. His methoda of warfare ere such that we cannot cope with him without resorting to means whioh are repugnant to civilized people; and, after spending thousands, or even millions of dollars, on an affair whidt, at ita incep-tion, was but a petty larceny, we make a ppeaoe with the Indians, and enter into an agreement to seoure him lands, which we oannot fulfill, and to give him annuities, the expense of whioh are a burden on the public Treasury. This treatment of the Indians an nations or tribes is in every way hbarl. NOT, the most vioious Indian in aay tribe has it in his power, at aoy moment that he may de-sire, tp praotically declare war between his own tribe, and perhaps a dozen s~~rrouod-ing tr~besa, nd the Government of thn United States. Whet now is needed with all these anbdued Indians is, some method by which iodi-vidual criminal8 can be arrested and brought to justice. This cannot he done by the methods of war. As long as the Indians are scattered among the settlements the fact. show that this cannot be done. The Indian has no knowledge of legal methods, and avenges his own wrongs by ways which are traditional with him, whilethe prejudices agsinet savages whizh has grovu through centuries of treacherous and bloody war-fare, and the prejudices of race, which are always y t l y exaggerated among the lower elass of people, with whom the Indian is most lsble to associate, are such that the Indim cannot se,onre justioe through the intervention of the laoal authorities. There is now no great uninhabited and unknown region to which the Indiau can be sent. He is among us, and we must either protect him or destroy him. The only course left by which these Indians am be saved is to gather them on reservations, whioh shall be schools of industrj and civilisation, and the superintendeots of whioh shall be the proper officers to seoure justice between the two races, and between indi-vidudls of the Indian race. For this purpose on each reservation there should ha a number of wise, firm men, who, as judges and police officers, would be able in all ordi-nary cases to aeoure substantial justioe. In extr&ordiuary cases no hasty ateps should be taken. Snrpriaerr and massacres need no longer be feared, and if a. larger force is needed than that wielded bv the em.nl o"v 4s on the reservations. i t would be essv to ~ ~ " - - i~wren,n it by civjl rnerhoda." IVur thiq p8trptBa law9 should be anncted rlcurly defining tbe rights of rho Indians aud \rllil* luau in their ml~tuarle latinun, aud the power of tbe olhcem of the Indian Dtpart~rlcnr, and the mtthode of proetldure to *core justice. Ir mrghr paraibly ha unwire to withdraw all rho troops at orwe. It might be better to renuow them ytwi vns*~w ith the estal~tishn>enotf tbo Indims on reaerratioor. - Permit the remark jost here, that the expense of the military sod civil methods stand in very glaring contrast. Within the territory which has heretofore been de-scribed it is probable that about two million dollars will be expended in the support of troops dnriug the praent fiscal year, and much leas than two hundred thousand |