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Show fr-f-**'-•••-- ***AM*.+n*+* INDIANS WEST 01' THE KOCICY MOUNTAINS. 9 a standing menace lo the Indians, and Ihey have very great dread of blio " soldiers, It seems very dillieult for them lo understand how a body of people.can bo set, apart from all others, and who make it their sole business to kill people and to prepare themselves for killing people, and who care nothing for social life, and do not desire to have, wives and children as other men, and their presence is always a source of troublo and loathsome disease. The CHAIRMAN. Would they not be necessary in the event of removing the Indians? .Major POWELL. I think not;-remove (he soldiers, and holdout reasonable inducements, and I think all the Indians would be willing to go to the reservation. Question. Would they not be necessary to prevent the intrusion'of white men ? Major POWELL, It might bo necessary to send troops, sometimes, to remove while men from Indian reservations; but permanent troops are not, needed ; and I think all necessary protection could be secured to tho Indians through the civil power much better than through the military. Question. How would you enforce the law without troops 1 Major POWELL. That is a very serious anil complicated question. Where the Indians are. now scattered about tho country there seems to be no way by which justice can bo secured lo the Indians. It is not possible to have a military force in overy neighborhood, and an Indian knows nothing about courts or tho processes of civil law. It seems to me that the only way to secure justice to these Indians is to gather them on reservations, where they can bo under the supervision of men wdio .have a care for their rights. h\ this way many of the evils which grow out of the present relations of the Indians to tho white men cau be avoided. Mr. KATNEY. 'Have they not the same right to stay where they aro now as they would have to stay on a reservation? What guarantee would they have secured to them ? Major POWELL. NO guarantee but the faith of the Government. There is no law to .secure them in tho possession of land where they now arc. Mr. PAINKY. DO you not think there would be great dilliculty iu quieting tho restive spirit of the Indians, if you should remove them from a good reservation and arable land, and take them to one thatcan-not lie made arable without toil and labor? Major POWELL. The tracts of land which have been selected for tho • reservations are quite as good as any others in all that country. There is no land in that section of country which can bo cultivated without irrigation, and where it is-proposed that tho Indians shall make their homes the soil is good and there is abundance of water anil other facilities for successful farming. On these reservations there is no hunting. If the Indians were collected at these points they must be. supported or be assistetl and taught to support themselves. This will need money. . We have made pretty careful computations, and think it will require • 6100,000 for'the Pi-Utes, 600,000 for Uintah, 6100,000 for tho Shoshones, Pannacks, Sec, at Fort Hall, and 6100,000 for the Indians whom it is proposed to collect at the Malheur reservation,andinnddition to this amount 632,OoO arc needed to extinguish the, rights of the white settlers on the .Moapa reservation in Southern Nevada, so that the whole amount will be nearly 6100,000. It is necessary to build mills and roads; each Indian family should be furnished with a cow, and, as fast as possible, small buildings Should be erected for them. Hold outsuch inducements us these, and I think they would be willing to go to tho reservation, and II. Mis. 86 2 i • t i f ! • ) ^ s r . " '-:.' ;•" '-: » •••• , ••..,^^...^.'x7^*^ffa-i*^fyT-^ri/ y*^*^ |