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Show - . . . - . ...-.... _ - ..-.'.J ' . . I • I " l *. •I • ' i . , > 1 I t • 1 1 2 INDIANA WI'.S'I' OF Til K KOOKY MOUNTAINS, .I'nn-u-inlnlx,'i\e. The Conittne.lies of Texas also belong to the sumo race.. There are two small reservations in Oregon, on the eastern slope ot'Yho Sierras, occupied by Indians not belonging to this race. These reservations are known as Warm Spring and Klamath. The Indians within the territory which 1. have just indicated were estimated to, number 2li,.S:57 in the last report of the Commissioner of Indian AlVairs, and this does not include a few who are in Arizona, and certain other Indians in California, as they are, included in the general estimate and cannot be separated; but it is probable that they would swell the number to 30,()()(), Mr. lugalls and myself have made, a careful census oi' sixty-six of these tribes during the past summer. We have visited them personally, and saw every man, woman, and child. TllU CiI.UUMAN. In what, capacity were, you sent out there? * Major L'OWKI.L. I was engaged in the survey of the Colorado River of the, West and in the exploration of the adjacent country, under the diree.: (ion of the Smithsonian Inslilulion, and iu that way became interested in lite study of the languages, mythology, habits, and customs of these Indians. This past year 1 have, been acting as special commissioner, for a jew months, in connection with Mr. lngalls, and we were keptat work all 'summer and fall, ami until we had visited the sixty-six tribes. This is the census (showing it to (he committee) which we made of them. I\i audition to these, sixty-six tribes, there were many others connected with reservations whoso numbers were better known. Adding to the number of the. sixty-six tribes those who belong to these reservations, we find :v tolal number of lO.'l.'iT instead of nearly 130.000, as they had been estimated on the books of the, Indian Department. Of these Indians there are more than one hundred tribes-that is, the whole country is divided into more than one hundred districts, and to each subdivision of tho country or district belongs a tribe, which bikes its name from the land, and which has a government of its own. Sometimes two or more of these tribes are organized into a confederacy ; but such organizations are not permanent. They are all essentially of the same stock, having languages differing more ov less, but with the same mythology, religion, habits and customs, oce. They can understand each other to some extent, although there are many dialects. There are,as you see, several reservations and agencies within this territory. There are two in Oregon, on the eastern slope of the Sierras, which tire occupied by Indians belonging to another race, as heretofore stated. The reservation to tho north is known as the Warm Spring, the one to the south as the Klamath. In my general remarks I makeno reference to these Indians or their reservations. There are'mixed bands of Pah- Utes, Uannacks, and Shoshones on the Malheur reservation. There is another agency on the Salmon River in Idaho, and a reservation and agency ou the PortNeuf River extending down to the Shoshone River, for the Shoshones and Lannncks, known as I'ort Hall; a reservation tit Pyramid Lake, and another at Walker River in Western Nevada, and these two arc included under one agency. There, has been an • agency or superintendeney at Salt Lake City for many years, but at present it is discontinued. There is an agency and reservation in tho in Southern Nevada on tho Moapa Creek, known as tho Pi-Uto Reservation. There are three agencies for tho Utes of Colorado, one to the north, at White river, another at Denver, and a third at Los Piiios. Thus, altogether, for the Indians under discussion there are ten agencies and eight reservations, and, excepting Colorado, eight agencies ami seven reservations. It is proposed to divide these Indians into four great groups. There are more than ono \ i I.S'MVM v , ,, Jiuudrod IribiK „< sons in etteli ttiU* . ,| which it derives ,., , lu"'' ',. parceled urn „, ,|.v..., ,,' ' ary-liues wen-1|,..: .., ,%i ',,'" ' name of llm l:nnl <*., u , , , the name of Uu. U (> _ llW t '• organization \\ai ,,,•. .. _. % except for OIVCIIMVI- ,., .'•,.•,".,.,. , The. OHAlii.MA.N. I. ••.... . country t .Major POWELL. Tlf*j.» „.. ... . Indians. Tho land, » ... ,.. . hundred and t « mi \ - ,,,. , ,,, Indians it is necc-.u, • with ono hundred atel • »•;, this: They have hn-n -1 to come into eonlliei w it:;: •.. .sity for them to cultn .•< •,. except the westet u j»«• *t• vada ami Western I .I.IIIJM i.i as Ohio, Indiana, <>r lii. .•<: ties-perhaps nunc .-.i. i... ,••. of tho lino of Oregon ii*»l •, • limited extent; tiny u.i,..,.«* »••• little, and live in thai w.t> . • mounted than the Iinb.it.. '••• fishing country in llu' n..:V having tents and iimviii; - • • greater number of the wmli': a desire to cultivate the -• '•. »••• the commission was IDIH'I-J "• •••» was presented to it: N »•;«" - the territory now oeeiii't.-.'. '-• that nearly all the land in >< cured without purchasing (>•<- • hay is from $25to£1<Ki [••.« '••• every bit of land which i •• • • ' said that it is the water•ti.v- In looking over the i" '"•• '• secure the Indians in p"-- country which they iimv <»t •••••' them at a few points when- :••• of the Pi-Utes of Souther:. . western Arizona, and Snath'•' closely allied that they '•••'' • 2,35G.* They have all n»i""> '• vada known as the Moiij'J _«"• . 1,S50,000 acres of land. !'••• ; mountains and deserts nf *-•'• thousand acres fit for agn<i>.' • all the rest is desolate. Tin-* latitude, and the fruits and i.*' successfully. These land> r-m purposes bv nrlilicial irngaii"' Moapa, a creek that Hows llu<" " g', 'A TO ? aWggWPW • ff " *•'>*•' *• •wywyn y • -«4 »•«.' » ' | . W - f > |