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Show ANTIQUITY OP MAN 75 and remains of smaller size.\ Local antiquities may be subdivided into mounds, refuse- heaps, enclosures, hut- rings, excavations, mines and quarries, cave deposits, graves and cemeteries, garden- beds, bowlder effigies, hearths or camp sites, petroglyphs, and ancient trails. \ Of these the mounds are perhaps the most important, certainly the most famous. They have been classified according to shape as conical, elongate, pyramidal, and effigy motinds A ( a) The conical, which include most of the burial- mounds, are of all sizes up to eighty or ninety feet in height and three hundred feet in diameter. v ( 6) The elongate mounds or walls, of unknown purpose, are from fifty to nine hundred feet in length, from ten to twenty feet in breadth, and are seldom more than four feet in height. -* Jic) The pyramidal form differs from the conical chiefly in having a flat top, sometimes appearing like a mere earthen platform. Occasionally there are terraces on one or two sides, or a sort of roadway leading to the top. This type is found mainly in the lower Ohio Valley, Missouri, Arkansas, and the gulf states. It includes the two largest mounds known, the Cahokia, situated in Illinois, a few miles east of St. Louis, and the Etowah mound near Cartersville, Georgia. " ( rf) The effigy mounds occur principally in Wisconsin and the adjacent parts of Illinois and Iowa, with a few in Ohio and Georgia. They are sometimes called emblematic or symbolic, but while some of them seem to have re- |