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Show viii CONTENTS. ARTICLE III. NATURAL SELECTION NOT" INCONSISTENT WITH NATURAL THEOLOGY. PART I.-Premonitions of Darwinism.-A Proper Subject for Speculation.-Summary of 1facts and Ideas sug.gestive of Hy- PAGE potheses of Derivation 87 p A~T H.-Limitations of Theory conceded by Darwin.-What Darwinism explains.-Geological Argument strong in the Tertiary Period.-Correspondence between Rank and Geological SuccesRion.- Difficulties in Classification.-Nature of Affinity.N o Absolute Distinction between Vegetable and Animal King-doms.- Individuality.-Gradation • 104 PART III-Theories contrasted.-Early Arguments against Darwinism.- Philosophical and Theological Objections.-Theory may be theistic.-Final Cause not excluded.-Cause of Variation unknown.-Three Views of Efficient Cause compatible with Theism.-Agassiz's Objections of a Philosophical Nature.- Minor Ohjections.-Conclusion • 129 ARTICLE IV. SPECIES AS TO VARIATION, GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, AND SUCCESSION. .Alphonse De Candolle's Study of the Oak Genus.-Variability of the Species.-Antiquity.-A Common Origin probable.-Dr. Falconer on the Common Origin of Elephants.-Variation and Natural Selection distinguished.-Saporta on the Gradation between the Vegetable Forms of the Cretaceous and the Tertiary. -Hypothesis of Derivation more likely to be favored by Botanists than by Zoologists.-Views of Agassiz respecting the Origin, Dispersion, Variation, Characteristics, and Successive Creation of Species contrasted with those of De Candolle and others.-Definition of Species . ..-Whether its Essence is in the Likeness or in the Genealogical Counection of the Individuals composing a Species . 178 CONTENTS. ix ARTICLE V. SEQUOIA AND ITS IIISTORY: TilE RELATIONS OF NORTII AMERICAN TO NORTIIEASTERN ASIAN AND TO TERTIARY VEGETATION. PAGJU Age and Size of Soquoia.-Isolation.-Dccadence.-Related Go-ncra.- Former Distribution.-Similarity between the Flora of Japan and that of the United Sta.tes, especia.lly on the Atla.ntic Side.-Former Glaciation as explaining the Present Dispersion of Species.-'fhis confirmed by the Arctic Fossil Flora of the Tertiary Pcriod.-Tertia.ry Flora derived from tho Preceding Cretaceous.-Order and Adaptation in Organic Nature likened to a Flow.-Order implies an Ordainer • 205 ARTICLE VI. THE ATTITUDE OF WORKING NATURALISTS TOWARD DARWINISM. General Tendency to Acceptance of the Derivative Hypothesis noted.-Lyell, Owen, Alphonse Do Candolle, Bentham, Flower, Allman.-Dr. Dawson's "Story of the Earth and Man" examined.- Difference between Scientific Men and General Specu-lators or Amateurs in the Use of Hypotheses. . 236 ARTICLE VII. EVOLUTION AND THEOLOGY. Writings of Henslow, Hodges, and LeConte examined.-Evolu-tion and Design compatible.-Tbe Admission of a System of Nature, with Fixed Laws, concedes in Principle all that the Doctrine of Evolution requires.-Hypotheses, Probabilities, and Surmises, not to be decried by Theologiaas, who use them, perhaps, more freely and loosely than Naturalists.-Theologians risk too much in the Defense of Untenable Outposts • 252 ARTICLE VIII. " WIIAT IS DARWINISM ? " Dr. Hodge's Book with this Title criticised.-He declares tha.t Darwinism is Atheism, yet its Founder a Thoist.-Darwinism |