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Show • 368 PLANTS FERTILE WITHOUT INSECT-AID. CHAP. X. . 't d by hive and h umble-bees. \Vben are incessantly! v~side the flower-heads seemed to produce as insects were exc u e d h d d as fine seeds as the expose en. s. many an asion covered-up pln.nts r:;eemed to 1'. procwmbens.-On one occ d On a, second occasion . d seeds as t he uncovere . L , y~el as many. d flower-heads yielded 9 ·1 gmins weight of sixty unc.over ~ t h ds on protected plants yielded no less seeds, whilst Sl~ y ea th t these latter plants were mnch tb n 17 · 7 grams ; so a ·1 t l moar e producti.v e'. b u t this result 1 suppose was acCl( en tah. . , t bed. this plant, and ]myo never seen e I have o~t~n ' ' ~ c insects . but I su~ pect that the flowers of flowers VJ.sited ely . es' pecially of r_r, £(ul£~tm m'ilt11S , are th. spemes an more ' . freISq uen t ec1 b, Y smn' .ll nocturnal moths ·which, as 1 he[l,r from M,. Bond haunt tho smn.ller c1ovont . d . f ~ · ' . (I o· ino~ro) - On account of the anger o 111edicayo lup~tlma ..Jeoum f , , d to o-n,ther the pods hcfore they losing the seeds I was orce o< 1 h . ,. : F~O flower-hon.ds on plants v1Rited )Y ees were quite ripe ' . ul . . 101 o·r"I·ns. whil.·t IGO heads on · ld d ds we1g nno o L" ' ' YIO o po · ldo l d . 1 . 77 O'J'" l·n~ The 0 R WOJO' nng h '" ' ' pro~ccted pln.nts Y10 1 Ph I b ·~n <rreator if the mature inequality would prb·obabl ~l ::f~l y t: coll~d~cl 8nc1 compared. seeds could have een a ' · l\1 1 · o· H373) haH (Ir . n Blu+hen &c. bCl 1' ec JCaoo, Jg. U~ban :-. .. cunu g, f ~ .-t'li ~tion' in this gonns, as has the described tho means o OI I I < 1 f I . Soc Bot.' vol. ix. Rev. G. Henslow in tbe ' J ourna o .Jllln. . 1866 pp. 327 and 355. . Nicot£au~ tabrtcum (Solanaccre ).-Full)~ !3el f- fci 1 1 'tfl co. t'l 1 1 ) n1ob]y so -1er 1 c. lpommu pu?p~treu (Oonvo vu acom ·~ h Plants under a n8t Leptosiphon androsaceus (Pol monmcero ) .- produced a good many capsules. . 1 . ocieR Rolf-fer- P?'imulct mollis (Prilnulaccro).-A non-d.Imorp 11 1 c ~~~ IBG~ p.l20. tile : J. Scott 1.1 1 'Jo urna1 L '1 11 n · Soc • Bot · ' vo. , . vnL · the, o-reen- Nolana prostrata ' (Nolanacero ) .-.P lants covereud up't mh uncobv ered house, yielded seeds by weight com~a~: 1 :~ many bees, plants, the flowers of whic b. were VISl ec in the r atio of 100 to 61. 1 . but none of .Aj1tga reptw1s (La b1. atro ) .- S e t a oao od. many seec sa's several un-the stems under a not lH'O(lncod so many covered btems growing clol')e]y by. d lp plants pro- .fl'tttphrasic.~; officinulis (Scrophularia~o~~.-Co~~ee 0~~)osed pbnts ~ duced plenty of seed. ; whether less than . c.ts ( Dohchopos cannot say. I saw t wo sma1 1 Dii)terous tm dsoJv sucliiDg th e nigripc-nn't·S ancl ~u mp~s· c1 n: 01.1£ ' Lera) repoa 0 " CHAP. X. PLANTS FEHTILE WITHOU~r INSECT-AID. 369 :flowers; as they crawled into them, they rubbed against the bristles which project from the anthers, and became dusted with pollen. Veronica agrestis (Scrophuiariacere ).-Covered-up plants produced an abundance of seeds. I do not know whether auy insects visit the :flowers; but I have observed Syrphidre repeatedly covered with pollen visiting the flowers of V. hedercPjolia and clwma_;,drys. . 1llimulus lutew; (Scrophulariacere).-Highly self-fertile. Oalceolaria (greenhouse variety) (Scrophnlariacere).-Highly self-fertile. Verhascum thapsus (Scrophulariacere ).-Highly self-fertile. V. lychnitis.-High1y self-fertile. Vandellia nummularifolia (Scrophulariacere ).-Perfect flowers produce a good many capsules. Bartsia odont /tes ( Scroph ulariaccre ). -Covered-up plants produced a good many seeds; but several of these were shrivelled, nor were they so numerous as those produced by unprotected plants, which were incessantly visited by hive and humblebees. SpecuJu1·ia speculum (Lobeliacere).- Covered plants produced almost as many capsules as the uncovered. Lactuca sativa (Oompositre).- Covered plants produced some seeds, but the summer was wet and unfavourable. Galz'um uparine (Rubiacere).-Covered plants produced quite as many seeds as the uncovered. Apium p ttroselinum (Umbelliferre).- Covered plants apparently were as productive as the uncovered. Zef1 mays (Gra.minero ). - A single plant in the greenhouse produced a good many grains. Oanna warscew~·c?ji (Marantacem).-Highly self-fertile. Orchidacece. - In Europe Ophrys apifera is as regularly selffertilised as is any cleistogene :flower. In the United States, South Africa, and Australia there are a few specjes which are perfectly self-fertile. These several cases are given in the 2nd edit. of my work on the Fertilisation of Orchids. Allium cepa (blood red var.) (Liliacere).-Four :flower-heads were covered with a net, and th ey produced somewhat fewer and smalle1· capsules than those on the uncovered heads. Tbo capsules were counted on one uncovered head, and were 289 in number; whiLst those on a fine head from under the net were only 199. 2 B |
