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Show LITERATURE ABSTRACTS 131 Laceration of the Globe due to a Blow- out Fracture. Walker J, Davidorf FH, Kelly DR, Doyle WJ. Arch Ophthalmol 1990; 108: 1522- 3 ( Nov). [ Reprint requests to Dr. J. Walker, 456 Tenth Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210.] A patient who sustained a blow- out fracture from trauma with clinical evidence of inferior rectus entrapment was found ( on dilated, indirect ophthalmoscopy) to have a retinal tear 2 discdiameters in size inferiorly near the equator. Surgical exploration showed a scleral laceration. The authors aptly summed up the situation: " This case indicates that there is little room for complacency in the evaluation of these all- too- frequent injuries. " Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Delayed Drug- Induced Periorbital Angioedema. Gonnering RS, Hirsch SR. Am J Ophthalmol 1990; 110: 566- 7 ( Nov). [ Inquiries to Dr. R. S. Gonnering, Suite 950, 2600 N. Mayfair Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226.] The case report is given of a patient with periorbital edema and pain with intermittent diplopia for several days. Computerized tomographic scanning showed soft tissue swelling anterior to the orbital septum, and the patient was treated for presumed atypical inflammatory pseudotumor with prednisone and had resolution of his signs and symptoms. A subsequent similar episode, with eczematous rash on his chest, led to a diagnosis of angioedema. Drug history showed the use of enalapril maleate for migraine. It was felt that this medicine precipitated the angioedema episodes, which did not recur after the drug's discontinuation. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Transmission of Light Through Cataracts. Sadun AA, Libondi E. Am J Ophthalmol 1990; 110: 710- 2 ( Dec). [ Inquiries to Dr. A. A. Sadun, Doheny Eye Institute, 1355 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033.] Why Pupils Do Not Produce Afferent Pupillary Defects. Sadun AA, Bassi CI, Lessell S. Am JOphthalmol 1990; 110: 712- 4 ( Dec). [ Inquiries to Dr. A. A. Sadun, Doheny Eye Institute, 1355 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033.] These two short articles show that postsurgical cataractous lenses removed from eyes with intracapsular extraction very significantly reduce light transmission, suggesting that an afferent pupillary defect should be possible in patients with monocular dense cataracts. The articles also show that wearing neutral density filters with different light transmission in normal subjects is associated with loss of sensation of brightness disparity between the eyes over several hours' wearing time. The authors suggest that some event in the retina normalizes the brightness perceived over time and that this might be the explanation of a lack of afferent pupillary defect in patients with dense, monocular cataracts. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Idiopathic Photoreceptor Dysfunction Causes Unexplained Visual Acuity Loss in Later Adulthood. Rowe SE, Trobe JD, Sieving PA. Ophthalmology 1990; 97: 1632- 7 ( Dec). [ Reprint requests to Dr. J. D. Trobe, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.] Six patients, aged 55 to 80 at examination with years or decades of complaints of visual loss were found to have abnormal electrophysiologic examinations consistent with rod and/ or cone dysfunction. No family history of similar visual loss was present and routine objective ophthalmic examination was normal. This is a most interesting disorder to consider in older patients with insidious visualloss without obvious explanation on examination. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Optic Neuropathy and Central Nervous System Disease Secondary to Sjogren's Syndrome in a Child. Berman JL, Kashii S, Trachtman MS, Burde RM. Ophthalmology 1990; 97: 1606- 9 ( Dec). [ Reprint requests to Dr. R. M. Burde, Department of Ophthalmology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 E. 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467.] / Clin Neuro- ophthalmol, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1991 132 LITERATURE ABSTRACTS A lO- year- old girl with Sjogren's syndrome ( diagnosis from a parotid biopsy) presented with central nervous system symptoms and a complaint of decreased vision. Visual acuity left eye was 20/ 200 with nerve fiber layer dropout and temporal pallor of the disc on fundus examination. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed multiple infarcts. With immunosuppressive therapy, her vision improved. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Familial Trigeminal Anesthesia. Keys CL, Sugar J, Mafee MF. Arch OphthalmoI1990; 108: 1720- 3 ( Dec). [ Reprint requests to Dr. J. Sugar, Department of Ophthalmology, VIC Eye Center, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 1855 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612.] A father and two sons had bilateral recurrent corneal ulcers. Hypoplastic trigeminal nerves were found on magnetic resonance imaging of the father. A number of other family members were examined, but none had corneal anesthesia or ulceration. This led to the hypothesis that this represented a new autosomal dominant mutation in the father. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Herpes Zoster Optic Neuritis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Arch Ophthalmol 1990; 108: 782- 3 ( June). [ No reprint information given.] ~ 40- year- old HIV- positive woman developed a ~ esIcu~ ar ~ as~ on the right and then the left trigemmal dIstributIon and developed visual loss with periphlebitis and an edematous optic nerve. All investigation for any other logical infection besides herpes zoster was negative. Her vision did not improve on an aggressive acyclovir and intravenous methylprednisone therapy. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Septo- Optic Dysplasia in Two Siblings. Benner JD, Preslan MW, Gratz E, Joslyn J, Schwartz M, Kelman S. Am J Ophthalmol 1990; 109: 632- 7 Oune~. JClift Neuro- ophthalmol. Vol. 11. No. c. 1991 [ Reprint requests to Dr. M. W. Preslan, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland Hospital, 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201.] The authors describe two siblings with septooptic dysplasia which they postulate to have occurred by autosomal- recessive inheritance. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Variable Genotype of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Patients. Lott MT, Alexander SV, Wallace DC. Am J Ophthalmol 1990; 109: 625- 31 ( June). [ Reprint requests to Dr. D. Wallace, Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 3031 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329.] Mitochondria and Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Newman NJ, Wallace DC. Am JOphthalmol 1990; 109: 726- 9 ( June). [ Reprint requests to Dr. N. Newman, Neuro- ophthalmology, Emory Eye Center, 1327 Clifton Road, N. E., Atlanta, GA 30322.] The authors examined blood and hair samples from patients with Leber's optic neuropathy and their relatives for mitochondrial DNA populations. They found differing proportions of wild type versus mutant mitochondrial DNA in different family members and in different tissues of the same individuals. They discussed the significance of their findings. Drs. Nancy J. Newman and Douglas Wallace discuss this article in an editorial in the same issue. Lyn A. Sedwick, M. D. Neuro- Ophthalmologic Manifestations of Lyme Disease. Lesser RL, Kornmehl EW, Pachner AR, Kattah J, Hedges TR III, Newman NM, Ecker PA, Glassman ML Ophthalmology 1990; 97: 699- 706 ( June). [ Reprint requests to Dr. R. L. Lesser, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510.] The authors present six patients with neuroophthalmic manifestations of Lyme disease, in- [CFoculartrauma] |