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Show XVI IN T R O D U C T IO N m e n t is liftin g o th e r s of th e m o re th an 216 known m in e r a ls of U tah to c o m m e rc ia l im p o rta n c e . A la r g e r p e r cen tag e of th e s t a t e 's em p lo y m en t is d ire c tly and in d ire c tly dependent upon m in e r a l p ro d u ctio n th an is found in any o th e r W e s te rn S tate. U tah f o r m any y e a r s h a s been a lead in g m in e r a l s ta te of the W est. D uring the p a s t 90 y e a r s the m o u n tain ra n g e s have y ield ed n o n - f e r r o u s b a s e and p re c io u s m e ta ls w ith an e s tim a te d value of n e a rly five b illio n d o l la rs . T he c o a l r e s o u r c e s of U tah a r e en o rm o u s. O n e-fifth of th e e n tir e s ta te is u n d e rla id w ith c o a l, and th e r e c o v e ra b le am ount is e s tim a te d to be about 100,000,000,000 to n s , w ith an ad d itio n a l 100,000,000,000 to n s c la s s if ie d a s “ d iffic u lt to m in e ." So f a r a s q u ality is c o n c e rn e d , U tah c o a l, a h ig h -g ra d e b itu m in o u s, is the eq u al of any co a l p ro d u ced in the U. S. U tah p ro d u c e s m o re c o a l th an any o th e r s ta te w est of th e M is s is s ip p i. It is not at a ll im p o s s ib le , w ith u n lim ite d q u a n titie s of co al at hand, th a t U tah w ill b eco m e an im p o rta n t c e n te r of th e c o a l c h e m ic a ls in d u stry . O n e -h a lf of th e s t a t e 's c o a l p ro d u ctio n is coking co a l. One of the m o s t a w e -in s p irin g sig h ts is the w o rld 's la r g e s t o p e n -c u t c o p p e r m in e a t B ingham , about 28 m ile s fro m S alt L ake C ity. H e re , can be se e n a m o u n tain a c tu a lly being re m o v e d by giant e le c tr ic s h o v e ls, w ork in g on a s c o r e of t e r r a c e s . In n o rm a l o p e ra tio n , m o re m a te r ia l is dug and dum ped into r a ilr o a d c a r s h e r e e v e ry day th a n w as m oved d u rin g th e c o n s tru c tio n of th e P a n a m a C an al in any one day of th e m o st in te n siv e o p e ra tio n s on the Isth m u s. F ro m th is p it, th ro u g h m illin g , sm e ltin g and re fin in g , m o re than 9,000,000 to n s of c o p p e r have been p ro d u ced . The lo w est g ra d e now b ein g m in ed c o n tain s but .4 p e r cen t c o p p e r; the a v e ra g e g ra d e , .95 p e r cen t. C o n stru c tio n of f a c ilitie s to e x tr a c t m a g n e siu m and a v a rie ty o f b y p ro d u cts fro m the w a te rs of the G re a t S alt L ake have begun. T h is g iv e s the S tate a b a sic new in d u stry and should a lso a ttr a c t new fa b ric a tin g in d u s t r i e s . T he m in e r a l w ealth of the G re a t S alt L ake is e s tim a te d to ex ceed 5.5 b illio n to n s and to a c c u m u la te at th e r a te of 2 m illio n to n s annually. S m e ltin g W ith such a c tiv ity in m in in g w ithin th e s ta te , it is only n a tu r a l th a t a g r e a t sm e ltin g in d u s try should d e v elop. W ithin fifty m ile s of Salt L ake C ity a r e g rouped th e c o n c e n tra tin g m ills and s m e lte r s w hich to g e th e r c o m p ris e the la r g e s t n o n -fe rro u s m illin g and sm e ltin g c e n te r in th e w orld. M a n u fa c tu r in g T h e re a r e m o re th an 713 (SL County & D avis County) m a n u fa c tu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in th e Salt L ake a r e a , em ploying o v e r 30,677 p e r s o n s . M ajo r p ro d u c ts a r e m e ta ls , m a c h in e ry , o il- r e f in e r y p ro d u c ts and foods. The an n u al p a y ro ll e x c e e d s $230,670,728. O il- R e f in in g O il-R e fin in g is seco n d only to n o n -fe rro u s m e ta ls in S alt L ake a r e a 's m a n u fa c tu rin g . Flow of c ru d e o il to the five r e f in e r ie s in the a r e a to ta le d 23,500,000 b a r r e l s in 1968. R efining cap acity is in e x c e s s of 111,900 b a r r e l s p e r day, m o re th an double th a t of 1948. P e tro le u m p ro d u c ts fro m th e s e r e f in e r ie s h av e, sin ce 1950, b een so m e 48°/o g r e a te r than th a t n e c e s s a r y to supply U ta h 's n e e d s. S hipm ents of re fin e d p ro d u c ts is la rg e ly to Idaho, N evada and e a s te r n W ashington and O regon. A m a jo r p o rtio n of the g a so lin e and fu el o il m oving b e yond th e s ta te b o r d e r s is ship p ed to Idaho, O regon and e a s te r n W ashington, th ro u g h two re fin e d -p ro d u c ts pipe lin e s . T he cap acity of th e lin e s is 57,500 b a r r e l s p e r day. T he la r g e s t of the fo u r r e f in e r ie s tu rn s out som e 200 p ro d u c ts . A ll of the r e f in e r ie s have c a ta ly tic c ra c k in g u n its . Two c r u d e - o il pipe lin e s te rm in a tin g in Salt L ake and o rig in a tin g in R angely, C olo., have a daily cap a c ity of 62,000 b a r r e l s p e r day. O v er one lin e w hich c r o s s e s a p o rtio n of W yom ing, o il fro m o th e r fie ld s in C olo ra d o and W yom ing a lso is tr a n s p o r te d to S alt L ake. O il w as d is c o v e re d in U ta h 's U intah B a sin in S e p te m b e r, 1948; p ro d u c tio n fro m 869 pro d u cin g w e lls in fo u r fie ld s now a v e ra g e s o v e r 30 m illio n b a r r e l s p e r y e a r . T h is o il is tru c k e d to R angely, w h ere it is t r a n s p o rte d by one of the two pipe lin e s , o r it is tru c k e d d ire c tly to the S alt L ake R e fin e rie s . U ta h -p ro d u c e d c ru d e o il r e p r e s e n te d a p p ro x im a te ly 30°/o of th e d aily c ru d e dem and at th e r e f in e r ie s . D rillin g is u n d e r way at m o re th an 54 lo c a tio n s in a n u m b e r of a r e a s in th e s ta te . In v e stm e n t in o il- r e f in in g in th e a r e a to ta ls $44,000,000 and w ith an annual p a y ro ll, d ire c tly in re fin in g , of w ell o v e r $8,128,292 p e r y e a r . In v e stm e n t p e r em ployee e x c e e d s $36,000. T he th r e e c ru d e and two re fin e d p ro d u c ts pipe lin e s r e p r e s e n ts an in v e stm e n t of $55,000,000 o r n e a rly $140,000 p e r em p lo y ee. S u g a r -R e f in in g T he re fin in g of s u g a r is one of U ta h 's p rin c ip a l in d u s tr ie s . The co m p an ies a r e : U tah-Idaho S ugar C o., and. A m alg am ated Sugar Co. T he r e f in e r ie s o p e ra te d by th e se co m p a n ie s in U tah p ro v id e a c a sh m a r k e t f o r s u g a r b e e ts —one of the s t a t e 's m o s t im p o rta n t fa rm c ro p s . N a tu r a l G a s S eventeen co u n tie s in U tah h av e th e advan tag e of n a tu ra l g a s s e r v ic e . N a tu ra l g as is tr a n s p o r te d into th is t e r r i t o r y fro m C o lo rad o , W yom ing and U tah fie ld s th ro u g h 750 m ile s of m a in tr a n s m is s io n lin e s . In addition, 2,650 m ile s of n a tu ra l g a s m a in s and s e r v ic e s a r e n e c e s s a r y in o r d e r to s e rv e p r e s e n t c o n s u m e rs . A p p ro x i m a te ly 230,125 r e s id e n ts , c o m m e rc ia l and in d u s tr ia l c u s to m e rs a r e u tiliz in g c le a n n a tu ra l g a s in U tah. E x p lo ra tio n f o r new n a tu r a l g a s r e s o u r c e s h a s b een a c c e le r a te d to keep pace w ith d em an d s. T r a n s p o r ta tio n S alt L ake C ity is th e co n v erg in g point fo r fo u r r a ilr o a d tru n k lin e s , w hich s e rv e a ll se c tio n s of w hat h as com e to be c a lle d th e Salt L ake m a rk e tin g t e r r i t o r y . T h is t e r r i t o r y , an a r e a of about 516,000 s q u a re m ile s , ta k in g in a ll of U tah, m o s t of Idaho, w e s te rn M ontana, w e s te rn W yom ing, a s lic e of w e s te rn C olorado and |
