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Show 'OIW-wvm-W< m»mw..~"w. Ale/beds of discm'ering [be Lympfta/it‘s and Latter/Is. 44 J 45 I Vthn the glands of the mesentery have been enlarged from serophula, have observed that the laeteals were then larger, and easier to be disco- vered or injected: this I Consider as the consequence of obstruction in the glands, and of encreased action in the vessels, in order to overcome that C II A P. IX. in obstruction; though I do not remember an instance of such obstruction illctbods of discovering the Lymp/Jalics (1er Lachwt'i. an, arteries and veins are easily found, and pretty generally known. Their trunks arise from, or terminate in, the heart; and, as this may easily be found in most animals, hence it is not difficult to find the arteries and veins: but the trunk of the absorbeuts not terminating immediately in the heart, but in the veins, at some distance from it, and this trunk, when it is found, being crowded with valves, which makes the injecting front the trunk to the branches, as in the arterial system, impossible, the absorbents are with difIiculty detected, and in proportion less known. It is for this reason I have chosen to give the different methods of finding them. The lactcals were discovered in consequence of the animal's being opened alive, some hours after it had been fed: these vessels were then seen turgid with the chyle they had absorbed from the intestines. At all other times, they are either empty, or contain a small proportion of colour- less or transparent fluid. Anatomists still continue to employ this method From the experiments formerly mentioned, as made on liv- with succest ing animals, it appears, that these vessels may be made visible at any time, by throwing coloured thin fluids into the intestines, as these are almost im- mediately absorbed, and appear in the laeteals. Ligatnres made on the trunk of the superior mescnterie artery must necessarily include the trunk of the absorbents: such ligatures, therefore, in the living animal, prevent- ing the absorbed cliyle from passing into the thoracic duct, course detaining it in the lac and of als, are very useful in demonstrating these the mesentcric glands, as made the chyle remain in the vessels. The lymphatics, in general, are not so easily distovered. ()n the liver and lungs they are frequently visible, though collapsed and empty; and and throwing in may be injected by puncturing one of the small brancheS, almost always mercury in the course of the absorbed fluids; but the valves make the injecting from the trunk to the branches impracticable. Though dead the trunks of the lymphatics are generally collapsed and empty in the reddish or body, yet the extreme branches almost altv .‘5 contain some little course of the abbrownish fluid, which, by pressure in the direction of the trunks, sorbed fluids, may be forced from these extreme branches into the and injected and, by this means having become visible, may be punctured, I have, in this way, succeeded in injecting the lympha_ with quicksilver. tics of the kidney. \Vatcry fluids thrown into the arteries, veins, or excretory ducts of the vessels, which glandular viscera, very commonly get into the lymphatic branches, and then becoming visible, punctures may be made in the small the watery fluids be forced out or displaced by injecting quicksilver. the arOne of the best methods I have found was, previously injecting,r and then teries and veins of the part where I wished to see the lymphatics, as a certain throwing it into water, to maceratc, for some days; as soon the cellular membrane, degree of putrcfaetion takes place, air is let loose in s, and uniformly [ills from whence it gets into the orifices of' the lymphatic on the heart and in the their branches: in this way I first discovered them dily distinguishes laeteals on the intestines and the air uterus; punctures may be then made in the smaller branches, may be forced out by an injection of quicksilver. from arteries and veins, even when they are collapsed and empty: punc- tures may be made with a lancet, and the vessels injected with quicksilver g this method it will I must here observe, however, that in employin maceration, several sets sometimes be nect sary to inject, previous to the by means of a tube formed expressly for that purpose. I have sometimes lltJCt‘tt‘tl the lacteals, from punctures made by the sides of the veins, where I knew they must be, though they were then invisible to the naked eye. When it can be of veins, and perhaps some other species of vessel also, before is a lymphatic. fairly inferred that any new vcsscl filling itself with air vessels. An eve accustomed, "'erc |
