| OCR Text |
Show (6, Regional or river basin (Level B, plans be completed by the Water Resources Council for all river basins in the United States by 1980 (Section 209); and that (7, a major research and demonstration effort be made to develop technology to eliminate the discharge of pollutants. T £ U E ? a s t a l Z o n e M a n agement Act of 1972, Public Law 92-583, provides*7or~a-c^^preheliilveTT6ng range?**!** coordinated national program in marine science, to establish*a National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development, and a Commission on Marine Science, Engineering and Resources; and for annual grants to any coastal State for the purpose of assisting in the development of a management program for the land and water resources of its coastal zone, and for annual grants to any coastal State for not more than 66 2/3 per centum of the costs of administering the State's management program. ., C. Relationships of Program Measures to Objectives . Formulating courses of action that effectively contribute to the l attainment of the national economic development and environmental I quality objectives is the paramount task of water and land resources •, I planning. These actions are only the means by which objectives can ' 1 be attained. For instance, providing flood control or preserving a ... I scenic river is meaningful only to the extent that such actions con- I tribute to specific needs that can be related to the objectives, Thus, I plans are to be formulated in terms of their beneficial or adverse effects on the objectives. f, These standards relate primarily to the planning of water and land resource programs that contribute to specified components of the objectives. It i s recognized that other programs may also contribute to these objectives. In some instances, water and land programs are the only means or are the most effective;means to achieve the objectives. In the usual case, however, it is likely that a combination of water and land programs and other programs will be the most effective means to K; achieve the desired objectives. In the formulation of plans, therefore, ' these standards provide for the consideration of the full range of alternatives relevant to the needs for water and land resources. A given plan formulated for one or several components of the objectives may affect the components of other objectives in a beneficial or adverse manner. This joint effect relationship i s a common occurrence 31 in plan formulation, Its presence necessitates that the full range of effects of plans be shown in terms of specified components of objectives regardless of the size of the effect or the component for which an alternative plan has been formulated. t ' >, > >T?# Objectives •'• l r National economic deVelopment. The national economic develop- . ment objeqtive is enhanced by increasing the value of the nation's out- ' ' p U * . ° f * ° ? d 8 a n d ? • * # " • • a ? d i mProving national economic efficiency. " ' N a t i o n a l economic development reflects increases in the Nation's .. - productive output, an output which i s partly reflected in a national ^ ..product and income accounting framework designed to measure the , > continuing flows pf goods and services into direct consumption or investment. • '-;•-'•.' •• - .:•.- In addition, national economic development is affected by beneficial and adverse externalities stemming from normal economic pro- , duction and cqnsumption, imperfect market conditions, and changes in -, .; productivity of resource inputs due to investment. National economic development is also affected by the availability of public goods which are not accounted for in the national product and income accounting , framework, <•' Thus, the concept of national economic development is - b r o a d e r than that of national income and i s used to measure the impact • y of governmental investment on the total national output. The gross national product and national income accounts do not give a complete •- accounting of the value of the output of final goods and services resulting from governmental investments because only government expenditures are included. This is especially true to those situations where governmental investment is required to overcome imperfections in the private market. Therefore, national economic development as defined in these standards is only partially reflected in the gross national product and national income accounting framework. ,'.-. j A similar situation prevails where a private investment results in ,.,,; the production of final public goods or externalities that are not exchanged ^.':;in the market,. . .^o^s ;,'c .j ,.,'. . ' " / & • ' • • • • •'-'' _ "-' " " : ' " • ' • ' - ' - • • . " > • • • ; . ; ••':'•: ' • ' • ' . . ' • ' • • • ' y : • - , ' • • ' / ' : ' . > ? Components of the national economic development objective include: ;.••'..; -v a. The value of increased outputs of goods and services resulting from a plan. Developments of water "and land resources result in ' increased production of goods and services which can be measured in • ' ; ' . ; . . . •••'• ' • ! -t . • j * • ; . . ! • • ! • , • , . . . - fc :M';:':' '"••:."•:,.': '':'•: ; '•''•••: 32 ' ,'• '. &2 oz zi m rtifyjfMsM FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 38, NO. 174-MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1973 |
