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Show 64 for settlement later than her sister, but contains 397,654 persons, all free. In Arlmnsas, the land is valued at $5.88 the acre; and, m· M1' c h'1 gan, a t $11·8 3 · The Slave State has 781,531 acres of improved land; and Michigan, 1,929,110. The farms of Arkansas are worth $15,265,245; and those of Michigan, $51,872,446. Thus slavery and freedom affect the value of land in the new States. Michigan had (in 1855) 699 miles of railroad, which had cost . $19,000,000; Arkansas had paid nothing for railroads. The total valuation of Arkansas, in 1850, was $39,871,025 : the value of the slaves, $23,264,400, was included. Deducting that, there remains but $16,576,625, as the entire worth of Arkansas; while Michigan has property to the amount of $59,787,255. Thus slavery and freedom affect the value of property in the new States. In 1850, Arkansas had 115,023 children under twenty, whereof 11,050 were in schools, academies, or colleges ; while Michigan had 211,969, of whom 112,382 were at school, ,academy, or college. Or, to omit the colored population, Arkansas had 97,402 white persons under twenty, and only 11,050 attending school; while, of 210,831 whites of that -age in Michigan, 112,175 were at school or college. Last year, Michigan had 132,234 scholars in her public common schools. In 1850, Arkansas contained 64,787 whites over twenty,- but 16,935 of these were unable to read and write ; while, out of 184,240 of that age in Michigan, only 8,281 were thus ignorant,- of these, 3,009 were foreigners; while, of the 16,935 illiterate persons of Arkansas, only 37 were born out of that State. The Slave State had only 47,852 persons over twenty who could read a word; while the free State had 175,959. Michigan had 107,943 volumes in "libraries other than private," and Arkansas 420 volumes. Thus slavery and freedom affect the education of the people in the new States. • Now, see the effect of slavery and freedom on Property and Education in their respective Neighborhoods. I take examples from the States of Missouri and Virginia, kindly furnished by an ingenious and noble-hearted man. 1. In the twelve counties of Missouri which bonier on s]aveholding Arkansas, there are 20,982 free white persons, occupying 75,360 acres of improved land, valued at $13 an acre, or $989,932; while in the ten counties of Missouri bordering on Iowa, a free State, though less attracti vc in soil and situation, there are 26,890 free white persons, with 123,030 acres of improved land, worth $19· an acre, or $2,379,765. Thus the neighborhood of slavery retards tlte development of property. In those ten Northern counties borderin<Y· on freedom t> ' there were 2,329 scholars in the pn·blic schools; while in the twelve Southern, bordering on Arka-nsas, there were only 339. Thus the neitrllborlwod of· slavery affe-cts the development of education. 2. Compare the Northern with the Southern counties of Virginia, and you find the :same results. Monongahela and Preston Counties, in Virginia, bordering on free Penn:;ylvania, contain 122,444 acres of improved land, valued at $21 an acre, or $2,784,137 in aU; are occupied by 24,095 persons, whereof 263 on}y are slaves; and there are 1,747 children in U1e pub.Jrc schools: while the corresponding counties of Patrick and Henry,. touching on North Carolina, contain but 99-,7·31 acres of improved land, worth only $15 an acre, or $1,554,841 in all; are occup~ed by 18,481 inhabitants, 5,664 of them slaves; and have only 961 children at school. Bnt cross the borders, and note the change: theadjacent caunties of North Carolina, Rockingham and Stokes, contain 103,784 acres of improved }and, worth $14 an acre, or $1,517,520; 23,701 person~; of whom 7;122 areslaves; and have only 2,050 pupils at school or college:while Fayette and Green Counties, in' :Pennsylvania, adja- 9 |