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Show 62 and then compare a new Slave State with a new Free State. 1. South Carolina contains 29,385 square miles of land; Connecticut, 4,674. In 1850, South Carolina had 668,507 inhabitants, whereof 283,523 were fr.ee, and 384,984 slaves; while Connecticut had 370,792 inhabitants, all free. The aovernment value of all the land in South Carolina b was $5.08 an acre; in Connecticut it was $30.50 the acre. All the farms in South Carolina contained 16,217,700 acres, and were worth $82,431,684; while the farm:; of Connecticut were worth $72,726,422, though they contained only 2,383,879 acres. Thus slavery and freedom affect the value of land in the old States. In 1850, South Carolina had 340 miles of railroad ; and Connecticut 547, on a territory not equal to one-sixth of South Carolina. In 1855, South Carolina had $11,500,000 in railroads; Connecticut had then $20,000,000. The shipping of South Carolina amounts to 36,000 tons; in Connecticut, to 125,000, though she is not advantageously situated for navigation. The value of the real and personal property in South Carolina, in 1850, was estimated by the Federal Government at $288,257,694. This includes the value of all the slaves, who, at $400 apiece, amount to $153,993,600. Subtracting this sum, which is neither property in land nor things, but wholly unreal and fictitious, there remains $1~4,264,094 as the entire property of the great Slave State; wh1le the total valuation of the land and thinas in Connecticut, in 1850, was $155,707,980. In other b words in ' South Carolina, 670,000 persons, with 30,000 square miles of land, are worth $134,000,000; while in Connecticut, 370,000 men, with only 4,600 square miles of land, are worth $156,000,000. Thus do slavery and freedom afl'ect the general wealth of the people in the old States. In 1850, South Carolina had 365,026 person::~ under 63 twenty years of age : her whole number of pupils, at school:;, academies, and colleges, was 40,373. Connecticut had only 157,146 persons of that age, but 83,697 at school and college. Will you say it is of no consequence whether the colored child is educated or not? 'rhen remember that South Carolina had 149,322 white children, and only sent 40,373 of them to school at all in that year; while, out of 153,862 white children, Connecticut gave 82,433 a permanent place in her noble schools. In South Carolina, there are but 129,350 free persons over twenty years of age; and, of these, 16,564 are unable to read the word Heaven. So, in all that great and Democratic State, there are only 112,786 persons over twenty who know their A B C's; while in Connecticut there are 213,662 persons over twenty ; and, of all that number, only 5,306 are illiterate, and of them 4,013 are foreigners. But, of all the 16,564 ignoramuses of South Carolina, only 104 were born out of that State ! Out of 365,026 persons over twenty, South Carolina has only 112,786 who can read their primer; while, out of 213,662, Connecticut has 208,356 who can read and write. South Carolina can boast more than 250,000 native adults who cannot \~vrite or read the name of their God,- a noble army of martyrs, a cloud of witnesses to its peculiar institution; while poor Connecticut has only 1,293 native adults unable to read their Holy Bible. Such is the effect of slavery and freedom on education in the old States. The Southern politician was right: "Free society is a failure ! " 2. Now compare two new States of about the same age. Arkansas was admitted into the Union in 1836, Michigan in 1837. Arkansas contains 52,198 square miles, and 209,807 in-habitants, of whom 151,746 are free, and 58,161 are slaves. Michigan contains 56,243 square miles, and was entered |