Utah Historical Quarterly Volume XXVI

Reviews and recent publications - 1

REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS Navaho and Ute Peyotism : A Chronological and Distributional Study. By DAVID F. ABERLE and OMER C. STEWART. (Boulder, Colorado, University of Colorado Press, 1957,129 pp., $2.50) This study is not one of peyote as some other recent publications have been (Omer Stewart, "Ute Peyotism: A Study of a Cultural Com­plex," University of Colorado Studies, Boulder, Colorado, 1948, and J. S. Slokin, "The Peyote Religion," Free Press, Glencoe, Illinois, 1956). Aberle and Stewart have made a technical and statistical study of the distribution of the peyote cult (religion) among the people of the Ute and Navaho reservations. The background of this religion can be better understood by referring to the studies listed above. The authors, however, do give an excellent summary of the mean­ing of the peyote cult in the following words: "The peyote cult is a pan-Indian, semi-Christian, nativistic move­ment centering about the performance of an all-night ritual in the course of which the peyote cactus (Lophophora willinmsii) is consumed. The cactus contains a number of alkaloids which have complicated physiological and psychological effects ranging from wakefulness to the production of elaborate visions and hallucinations. The majority of peyote meetings are held to cure individuals of illness through the power of peyote and prayer. Cult members are loosely organized, the majority belonging to the Native American Church, which has a national or- 84 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY ganization, state organizations, and sometimes local organizations" ( p . l ). The chronological relationships of the various peyote cults have been, in this reviewer's opinion, well established. The authors point out that the Ute (Utah and Colorado) at least knew peyote by 1900 due to their contacts with the Cheyenne and other Plains Indian groups. The reviewer will accept the statement, with the proof given by the authors, that the Navaho received the peyote cult from the Utes and some Plains Indian contacts by 1938. This does not mean of course, as the authors point out, that peyote was not used by some individuals before this date. The significance of this study for the anthropologist and historian is the emphasis put on the contact of the Ute and Navaho with Plains Indians and between each other in historical times. More studies should be made along this line to find out the significance of cultural exchange among these Indian tribes. It is suggested by the reviewer at this point that some of the diaries and studies made by early Mormon pioneers and missionaries to the Indians might give some light on early contacts among the Ute, Plains Indians, and Navaho, as well as the Pueblos to the south of the four-corners area. The anthropologist and historian could and should read this study with profit relative to the use of historical and ethnological technique and data. A work like the present one makes for better understanding of acculturation and borrowing of cultural traits from one group of people by another. ELMER R. SMITH University of Utah Homeward to Zion. By WILLIAM MULDER. (Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1957, 354 pp., $7.50) In this very readable book Dr. Mulder makes a fresh approach to the intriguing subject of Mormon immigration. From its prologue, which introduces Canute Peterson and Peter A. Forsgren as "firsts" among Scandinavian converts to Mormonism, to its epilogue, which comes back to them as venerable pillars of Zion, the book is chock-full of original materials revealing the spirit of the gathering from Scandi­navia. Forty-three pages of "sources and notes" attest to years of pains­taking research. While the chapters dealing with proselyting, emigrating, and colonizing do not plough new ground, they are nonetheless valuable REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 85 in their wealth of intimate detail and local atmosphere. With skillful use of his well-known literary gifts, Dr. Mulder points up the difference between the experience of Scandinavian pioneers who helped develop Zion and others who settled in the Middle West. The differences lay in their dedication to the "building of the Kingdom" with all its implica­tions. It is an exciting phase of American history when seen so inti­mately "through the immigrants' own eyes." Dr. Mulder has bared the very soul of the Scandinavian segment of Mormon immigration through countless personal diaries and corre­spondence, church records, and official documents. By means of these he has introduced the reader into the intimate life of the Scandinavian neophytes in "Edens Nursery" as they "lived American lives through the Star," as they were absorbed into a new life in Utah, and during their cultural transition as evidenced through gradual substitution of English for Scandinavian words in their personal diaries. A few minor items of statistics might be questioned. On page 25 the total Mormon emigration from the British Isles during the Nauvoo period is given as 3,000 - which number is taken from Evans, A Cen­tury of Mormonism in Great Britain, p. 245. Andrew Jenson's listing (in The Contributor, XII, p. 441) of the emigrants by companies for each year from 1840 to 1846 adds up to 5,000, which is probably more nearly accurate. "From 1850 to 1890 Utah was consistently ahead . . . of the Western division (of states) in the percentage of foreign born" may be ques­tioned. For instance as against Utah's 35.3% of foreign born given for 1870, Arizona had 60.1%, California 37%, Colorado 16.5%, Idaho 52.7% and Nevada 44%. Actually Utah had a lower per cent of foreign born although a higher per cent of descendents from foreign parents. The "Consecration" movement is referred to on p. 234 as "part of the Reformation of 1857, a major revival when the Saints at the ap­proach of Johnston's Army were re-baptized... ." This should read 1856 because the reform wave reached its height in that year and had sub­sided before news of Johnston's Army reached the Saints in the summer of 1857. Dr. Mulder has uncovered original sources to emphasize some phases of the Mormon story heretofore not fully appreciated. For ex­ample, the depth of Mormon penetration into certain areas of northern Europe; the extent of losses from the harvest of converts through dis­affection, apostasy, and death; the important role of literature - pro and 86 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY anti - both in the mission fields and at home in Zion; the growth and influence of Protestant groups in molding Utah's culture. In the process he has made important contributions to western American literature. GUSTIVE O. LARSON Brigham Young University Central Route to the Pacific. By GWINN HARRIS HEAP. Edited by LEROY R. and ANN W. HAFEN. Volume VII, The Far West and the Rockies Historical Series, 1820-1875. (Glendale, California, The Arthur H. Clark Company, 1957, 346 pp., $9.50) In this seventh volume of The Far West and the Roc/ries Historical Series, Dr. Hafen brings us one of the rarer sets of items in Western Americana. Gwinn Harris Heap was the companion of his cousin, Lieutenant Edward F. Beale, on a journey from Westport to California in 1853. The lieutenant was returning to his post as Superintendent of Indian Affairs in California and, at the urgent bidding of Missouri's Senator Thomas Benton, was exploring the line of the so-called "central route" along which Benton hoped to see a transcontinental railway con­structed. Beale's party was not an official surveying group, but actually preceded the government's party under the ill-fated Gunnison. Benton, convinced that Cochetopa Pass was the whole key to the route, especially wanted details about that passageway which Fremont had missed in his tragic fourth expedition. Accordingly, Heap dwells at length on this area and includes several interesting drawings, all of which are reproduced in the present volume. The editor has carefully annotated the journal and made Heap's previously unreprinted journal into a thoroughly usable source. He has included extensive documents which show the character of the propa-gandistic efforts made in behalf of the central route. Less pertinent, perhaps, are several materials dealing with Beale's reports on Indian affairs. Of peculiar interest to Utah scholars are Heap's observations on the Walker War. He quotes a pithy message from Chief "Walker" to Colonel G. A. Smith: "The Mormons were d d fools for abandon­ing their houses and towns, for he did not intend to molest them there, as it was his intention to confine his depredations to their cattle, and that he advised them to return and mind their crops, for, if they neglected REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 87 them, they would starve, and be obliged to leave the country, which was not what he desired, for then there would be no cattle for him to take." PHILIP C. STURGES University of Utah In Search of the Golden West, the Tourist in Western America. By EARL POMEROY. (New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1957, 233 pp., $5.00) If asked, almost anyone interested in the history of the West could mention one or two facets of the tourist trade there, but one would have to be widely read and reflective to marshal all the material so well ar­ranged for us by Professor Pomeroy of the University of Oregon. As one reads he says, "of course, of course," but he would not have thought of all the factors for himself. Here, illumined with a good selection of apt quotations from tourists and others, is a summary of the changing patterns of tourism and its impact on the West. How changing a story it is one does not realize until he reads this book. One tends to think of tourists as all of a type, coming to see the same things, but this was not the case. Dr. Pomeroy makes clear that two or three generations ago the visitors scorned - and the natives were embarrassed by - the very things which became romanticized and are now stellar attractions: Indians, the Spanish background, the rugged-ness of the frontier, the desert. As he phrases it, "the Spaniard, the American pioneer, and the Indian joined hands posthumously" to at­tract and entertain the tourist. Although the story goes back as far as the foreign visitors who went west with trappers and traders in the 1830's, it effectively begins with the completion of the transcontinental railroad. Fares were not low in the early days, and it was the classes and not the masses who came West. They were potential investors, and it was the Westerners' desire to stress the similarities to the East and Europe rather than the differences, and to gloss over the weakness of the cultural side of life. The author points out that as the frontier grew tamer in reality it grew wilder in myth - that in the early days of tourism the visitor was assured that the West was not really wild, whereas later he was assured that it really was. It was the appeal of similarity, of course, which led to the creation in the Rockies and on the shores of the Pacific of resorts which were trans­planted versions of those of the east coast or the Continent, and where people went to be seen as much as to see. 88 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY From the wealthy tourist as a potential investor the book takes us through the period of the prosperous tourist as a potential settler to that of the tourist (rich or poor) as sightseer, not neglecting the minor cur­rent of the Westerners as sightseers within their own province. Along with these changes are traced the varying ideas of what the visitor should see, and of his reactions to it. It was mental set as much as transportation difficulties, for instance, which made an early visitor to the Yosemite say that everything worth seeing there could be seen from a carriage in the floor of the valley. As the out of doors became more appreciated we find summarized for us the hunter-tourist, the health-seeking tourist or settler, and those who wanted to camp out. This last pastime was greatly enhanced in the period of the automobile, but it goes well back, although often the tourists - whether with pack train or trailer - were "roughing it gently." All these phases of the tourist in the West, right up to Disneyland, are presented by Dr. Pomeroy in a book well-organized, well-docu­mented, and readable. As usual, Knopf has done a good job of book-making, and the reviewer did not notice even one typographical error to use as the customary final brickbat. EDWIN H. CARPENTER, JR. California Historical Society Spirit Gun of the West, the Story of Doc W. F. Carver. By RAYMOND W. THORP. (Glendale, California, The Arthur H. Clark Company, 1957, 266 pp., $8.50) If we are to take this book seriously - an open question in this reviewer's mind - we are asked to believe that "Doc" Carver was a marksman who rarely missed a target, whether a running buffalo, a flitting bat, a dime tossed into the air, or an assassin hiding in the branches of a tree. Throughout America, across Europe, and around the world, he traveled in a shower of shattered clay pigeons and glass balls, perforated coins, and dead pigeons of the feathered kind. No one could read the testimony without concluding that Carver was the best marks­man of his or any other era. The margin by which he held that title and the factual basis of his claim are another matter. The author explains that his chief source was Carver's scrapbook, now held incommunicado by a Mr. Nordin. Author Thorp states that he has had free access to these sixteen volumes, "to the exclusion of all other persons," and that "Mr. Nordin has sealed the scrapbooks from REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 89 public scrutiny." So much for the historian's chance to evaluate the evi­dence. Similarly privileged is Mr. Thorp's other resource, personal cor­respondence with Carver in his declining years. Admittedly a eulogy of Carver, the account has the air of an autobiography, almost "as told to Raymond W. Thorp." The very personal factor shows throughout, perhaps nowhere more strongly than in a sharp attack on the Buffalo Bill myth and on Mr. Cody's integrity. Abundant bibliographical and footnote citations refer to newspaper accounts that are presumably in the public domain, but here we face the question of journalistic reliability in the seventies and eighties, when sensationalism glittered on every newspaper page. Without citations are a variety of incidental statements: the Indians left their old squaws out on the prairie to die; ducks fly at the rate of 120 miles per hour; and the electric light was invented by a man named Walter Hague. Carver's organization of the early Wild West Shows is of more last­ing interest and importance than his gun-handling, but it is the shooting that will impress the reader most powerfully. Probably the point is not whether he did break all those glass balls, hitting them with single rifle slugs while others missed them with handfuls of birdshot. To the gen­eral reader and historian a more significant item is the high public interest in the sport during those years, and the prominence of organized shooting on the national and world scene. In contrast, today's profes­sional exhibitions, championship matches, and amateur plinking make shooting seem a lost art. STANLEY R. DAVISON Western Montana College of Education Roundup: A Nebraska Reader. Edited by VIRGINIA FAULKNER. (Lin­coln, University of Nebraska Press, 1957, xv + 493 pp., $5.00) The fifteenth anniversary of the University of Nebraska Press is used as the occasion to introduce the Press to a new reading public by producing a book with a wider reader appeal rather than a book of a technical nature which would be more characteristic of a university press. For this purpose, Emily Schossberger, editor of the Press, writes that it seemed altogether appropriate that the book should be, "a selec­tion of the best and most illuminating writing about the state and its people - a book designed primarily for reading pleasure, intended to be entertaining rather than exhaustive." 90 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY This then is the purpose of the book. Miss Schossberger could well have added another bit of information to her note explaining the book. By almost any bookmaking standard this volume should have been priced from $7.50 to $10.00. In design, printing and binding it fits in this price range. In a real sense the University of Nebraska Press has subsidized its reading public on this volume in its desire to get its works in the hands of a wider reading public, and in a laudable and suc­cessful effort to collect and present selections of the best writing about the state that it represents in a single attractive package. The selections in the book cover a considerable period of time, and a variety of contributors. Nebraska's best known authors are repre­sented with selections from writers like Willa Cather, Mari Sandoz, and Bess Streeter Aldrich. A sampling of prominent literary figures writing about Nebraska brings selections from Mark Twain and Rud-yard Kipling. Some of the better known writers of the present include Walter Prescott Webb, John Gunther, and Lucius Beebe. An obvious selection, and obnoxious after a recent widely publicized New York party, was from Jules Verne's Around the World in Eighty Days. The bulk of the material in the book is from Nebraskans writing for an essentially Nebraska public, newspaper features, State Historical Society publications, and The Prairie Schooner, and these furnish the best material in the book. My favorite selection is "Nebraska Not in the Guidebook" from a recent Prairie Schooner. There is also a good selec­tion of articles about Nebraska that have appeared in national maga­zines. The book is well put together. Not the least of its excellence is the care and skill with which selections were made for the quotations and abridgements that are used to afford continuity and explanation of the different selections. Miss Faulkner is to be congratulated on her happy choices in this regard. They serve to make the book a meaning­ful collection rather than a miscellany with little reason for being brought together in a single volume. The variety of materials used is broad, the quality of the individual pieces is high, the book is a handsome volume. It is not a guidebook or a comprehensive study of Nebraska in any sense, but it is an excellent interpretation of the state through the selection of a variety of writings about it. W. D. AESCHBACHER Nebraska State Historical Society REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 91 Industrial Development in Uintah County, Utah. (Prepared by the Chamber of Commerce, Vernal, Utah, in co-operation with the Utah Committee on Industrial and Employment Planning [1957], 25 pp., -|- index) The compilers of this worthwhile little book explain in the Fore­word that at this time when industrial development is at a zenith and expansion and decentralization are of prime concern, suitable areas for plant sites are sought. Here in Vernal, Utah, is an area suitable for in­dustrial expansion. Here is a "friendly town, in a friendly state" with many natural resources. Upon the completion of the Upper Colorado River Storage Project there will be water and power in abundance for industrial and agricultural uses. The vast resources of phosphate, asphalt, oil shale, timber, and new lands can be developed. Uintah County will at last come into her own. The subjects covered in the various chapters are: history, non-metallic minerals, metallic minerals, agriculture, labor force, industrial sites, water, electric power, natural gas, transportation, market area, taxes, climate, community facilities, and recreation. The book is lithographed and contains numerous illustrations, plus a water analysis chart and a climatological summary. Buc\s\in and Blanket Days. By THOMAS HENRY TIBBLES. (New York, Doubleday and Company, 1957,336 pp., $4.50) "In Bleeding Kansas in 1856, a young abolitionist soldier named Thomas Henry Tibbies was captured by the pro-slavery Border Ruffians and sentenced to death by hanging. He was not yet sixteen . . . "Half a century later, by then the editor of a well-known newspaper and a noted authority of the American Indians, Tibbies set down his memoirs of the years between." The years were full and exciting, and the tale unfolded in this book ranges from glimpses of life as a guest of a friendly Omaha Indian tribe to experiences in Indian wars and buffalo hunting. It pictures the scope of Indian life with understanding and acceptance. After his years spent with the Indians, Tibbies returned to civilization. He went to college, became a preacher, and married Yosette (Bright Eyes), the daughter of the half-white chief of the Omahas, Iron Eye La Flesche. Bright Eyes had acquired a good educa­tion and the ability to speak and write for her people. Together Tibbies and his wife made long tours, at home and abroad, writing and speak­ing for Indian justice. As a correspondent for the Omaha Herald, he 92 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY was sent to Pine Ridge, South Dakota, during the ghost dancing and the surrender and massacre of Big Foot. He describes the terrible battle of Wounded Knee, last of the great Indian fights. Tibbies met and talked with Sitting Bull, who asked him to make it clearly understood that he was the last Indian to give up his gun. This story has been recently serialized and printed in a popular magazine. Wovoka, The Indian Messiah. By PAUL BAILEY. Great West and Indian Series X. (Los Angeles, Westernlore Press, 1957, xi -)- 223 pp., $5.50) "America's dealings with its Indian population stand as an indict­ment. The record of its drivings, its bloody extermination, its land theft, and its treaty repudiation, is no happy thing to examine. This blot upon our honor as a nation seems never to fade with time. And it is almost incredible that the final crowning infamy of the white man against his red brother - the massacre which broke the back and heart of the American Indian, wiped away the final vestige of his collective dignity, and sent the last of the great chiefs, Sitting Bull, to the grave - came about through the blundering misunderstanding of a nationwide reli­gious revival whose basic tenets were closely akin to those of Jesus of Nazareth." So reads the first paragraph of Paul Bailey's interesting book. Wovoka, the Nevada Paiute Indian who spent several years of his life living and working among white men, taught a doctrine of peace­ful acceptance of the white man's ways. The Indian Messiah claimed to have a direct revelation from heaven in behalf of the defeated and defrauded American Indian. The story of the Ghost Dance religion, its spread to the various Indian tribes, and the white man's bloody cam­paign to destroy it, makes fascinating and informative reading. Pioneer Years in the Blacky Hills. By RICHARD B. HUGHES. Edited by Agnes Wright Spring. (Glendale, California, Arthur H. Clark Company, 1957,366 pp., $10.00) Richard B. Hughes went to the Black Hills in 1876 to search for gold. In order to support himself in his prospecting, he worked on Deadwood's Weekly Pioneer as a reporter. During the years 1876-77, he kept a daily journal. More than half a century later the journals REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 93 became the basis for his reminiscences, Pioneer Years in the Blac\ Hills. The account covers a wide range: Indians; the beginnings and develop­ment of Deadwood, Custer, Rapid City, and other Hills' towns; the problems of travel, supplies, the outlaw element, swindles, and per­sonalities in mining boom areas; prospecting; military expeditions against the Indians; the battle of Wounded Knee; frontier law enforce­ment and provisional government; and Hughes's own part in develop­ing the resources and civilization of the Black Hills. Contemporary photographs, an appendix, Hughes's day-to-day diary for the year 1876, and an adequate index are included. In addition the publishers have maintained their usual high standards in the book-making art. Jim Beckwourth, Crow Chief. By OLIVE BURT. (New York, Julian Messner, Inc., 1957,192 pp., $2.95) Olive Burt has chosen an exciting western character for her fifth biography. Although this is primarily a youth book, in it Mrs. Burt brings her central character into focus against the vigorous and turbu­lent pioneering period of his time. Jim Beckwourth was born in Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1798, the son of a white father and Negro mother. He became a trapper and trader, dispatch rider and buffalo hunter, and guide for emigrant trains. Through a practical joke, made logical by his bronze skin coloring, the Crow Indians were led to believe that Jim was a long-lost member of their tribe. They kidnapped him and honored him as the chief's son. He lived among the Crows for several years and eventually was made Chief. However, after twelve years he rejoined his mountain men friends, blazed a trail over the Sierra, which became known as Beckwourth Pass, and founded the town of Pueblo, Colorado. As with her other books, Mrs. Burt has indexed this one, which increases its worth for the historically minded. The Age of Steam: A Classic Album of American Railroading. By Lucius BEEBE and CHARLES CLEGG. (New York, Rinehart and Co., 1957) Arizona: The Last Frontier. By JOSEPH MILLER. (New York, Hastings House, 1956) A Baker's Dozen: Thirteen Unusual Americans. By RUSSEL B. NYE. (East Lansing, Michigan State University Press, 1956) 94 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY The Best in the West. By THOMAS B. LESURE. (New York, Harian Publications, 1957) The Constitution and Government of Arizona. By DONALD ROBINSON VAN PATTEN. (Second Edition, Phoenix, Sun Country Publishing Co., 1956) Directory of Southern Nevada Place Names. By WALTER R. AVERETT. (Las Vegas, the author, 1956) Flying Snowshoes. By EVELYN TEAL. (Caldwell, Idaho, The Caxton Press, 1957) Gods, Sex, and Saints; The Mormon Story. By GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW ARBAUGH. (Rock Island, Illinois, Augustana Press, 1957) Guns on the Early Frontiers. By CARL P. RUSSELL. (Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1957) Historical Album of Arizona. Edited by RICHARD J. and CHARLES G. BOWE. ([Los Angeles?], 1957) A History of the Ancient Southwest. By HAROLD S. GLADWIN. (Port­land, Wheelwright Co., 1957) The Indian Tipi. By REGINALD and GLADYS LAUBIN. (Norman, Uni­versity of Oklahoma Press, 1957) Lucky 7. By WILL TOM CARPENTER. (Austin, University of Texas Press, 1957) The Magnificent Rube, The Life and Gaudy Times of Tex Ric\ard. By CHARLES SAMUELS. (New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1957) Massacre, The Tragedy at White River. By MARSHALL SPRAGUE. (Bos­ton, Little Brown & Co., 1957) My Yesterdays. By JOHN FARR. Edited by EZRA J. POULSEN. (Salt Lake City, Granite Publishing Co., 1957) REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 95 The National Par\ Story in Pictures. By ISABELLE STORY. (Washington, D.C., 1957) The North American Deserts. By EDMUND C. JAEGER. (Stanford, Stan­ford University Press, 1957) Problems in Mormon Text. By LAMAR PETERSEN. (Salt Lake City, the author, 1957) Silver Platter, A Portrait of Mrs. John Mackay. By ELLIN BERLIN. (New York, Doubleday & Co., 1957) A Study of Navajo Symbolism. By FRANC J. NEWCOMB, STANLEY FISH-LER, and MARY C. WHEELWRIGHT. (Peabody Museum of Archae­ology and Ethnology Papers, Vol. 32, No. 3, Cambridge, Mass., the Museum, 1956) This is the West, The Life Lore and Legend of the West. Edited by ROBERT WISE HOWARD. (New York, New American Library, 1957) U Boom: Uranium on the Colorado Plateau. By A L LOOK. (Denver, Bell Press, 1956) You Asked About the Navajo! (Revision of 1949 edition, Washington, U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1957?) Why the North Star Stands Still and Other Indian Legends. By WIL­LIAM R. PALMER. (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1957) The World of the Dinosaurs. By DAVID H. DUNKLE. (Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution, 1957) EUGENE HOLLON, "Great Days of the Overland Stage," American Herit­age, June, 1957. WALLACE STEGNER, "History Comes to the Plains," ibid. 96 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY MARSHALL SPRAGUE, "The Bloody End of Meeker's Utopia," ibid., Octo­ber, 1957. C. M. WOOLF, F. E. STEPHENS, D. D. MULAIK, and R. E. GILBERT, "An Investigation of the Frequency of Consanguineous Marriages Among the Mormons and Their Relatives in the United States," American Journal of Human Genetics, December, 1956. ADAN E. TREGANZA, "Horticulture with Irrigation among the Great Basin Paiute: An Example of Stimulus Diffusion and Cultural Survival," Anthropological Papers, University of Utah, December, 1956. J. R. CHALLACOMBE, "Make Way for the Navajo," Arizona Highways, August, 1957. ED ELLINGER, "Hopi Harvest," ibid. EDITHA L. WATSON, "Navajo Rugs," ibid. VELMA RUDD HOFFMAN, "Lt. Beale and the Camel Caravans Through Arizona," ibid., October, 1957. AUSTIN E. FIFE, "Folklore of Material Culture on the Rocky Mountain Frontier," The Arizona Quarterly, Summer, 1957. EDWARD H. SPICER, "Worlds Apart - Cultural Differences in the Mod­ern Southwest," ibid., Autumn, 1957. E. A. HEWETT, "History of the Development of Park City District, Utah," Bulletin of the Mineralogical Society of Utah, 1956. RHEA H. HURLEY, "Park City: The Past, Present and Future," ibid. C. W. LOCKERBIE, "Stories of Park City as I Hear Them," ibid. LILLIAN M. LOCKERBIE, "Reminiscences of Park City," ibid. WILLIAM M. MCPHEE, "Early History of Park City, Utah," ibid. REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 97 LEON STANLEY, "Some Notes on the Early History of the Park City Mills," ibid. CHARLES L. CAMP, "Our Founder, Henry R. Wagner, Is Dead," Cali­fornia Historical Society Quarterly, March, 1957. HENRY J. WEBB, "The Long Drive on the Hastings Cut-Off," ibid. J. N. BOWMAN, "Driving the Last Spike," ibid., June, 1957. JOSEPH LUNDSTROM, "Flag Hoisted at Gun Salute" [Fourth of July cele­bration a century ago], Church News [Deseret News], June 29, 1957. "Johnston's Army Triggered 'Utah War,'" ibid., July 20, 1957. W. T. LITTLE, "The Royal Gorge Railway War," The Denver West­erners Monthly Roundup, June, 1957. "Hiram Martin Chittenden, 1858-1917," ibid., August, 1957. SAUL BELLOW, "Illinois Journey," Holiday, September, 1957. MERRILL D. BEAL, "The Story of the Utah Northern Railroad," Parts I and II, Idaho Yesterdays, Spring, Summer, 1957. "Explorers Dedicate the George Albert Smith Arch," Improvement Era, October, 1957. WILLARD LUCE, "Silent City of Rocks" [Idaho, junction on the Cali­fornia trail], ibid. WILLIAM B. SMART, "Following the Pioneer Trail," ibid. KENNETH S. BENNION, "Pioneering -100 Years Later," The Instructor, August, 1957. LEONARD J. BATES, "Fulfilling American Democracy: The Conservation Movement, 1907 to 1921," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, June, 1957. 98 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER, "Clay County [Missouri]," Missouri Historical Review, October, 1957. W. TURRENTINE JACKSON, "The Washburn-Doan Expedition of 1870," Montana the Magazine of Western History, July, 1957. , "The Creation of Yellowstone National Park," ibid. S. WINIFRED SMITH, "Zane Grey," Museum Echoes (Ohio Historical Society), August, 1957. "Blue Spruce, Pride of the Rockies [State Tree of Colorado and Utah]," The National Geographic Magazine, October, 1957. HAZEL BAKER DENTON, "Lincoln County's [Nevada] New Look," Nevada Highways and Parkj, No. 1,1957. AVERAM B. BENDER, "Military Transportation in the Southwest, 1848- 1860," New Mexico Historical Review, April, 1957. MAX L. MOORHEAD, "Spanish Transportation in the Southwest, 1540- 1846," ibid. GEORGE RUHLEN, "Kearny's Route from the Rio Grande to the Gila River," ibid., July, 1957. RICHARD THURMAN, "Not Another Word" [story with Mormon back­ground], The New Yorker, May 25,1957. DONALD N. WELLS and MERLE W. WELLS, "The Oneida [Idaho] Toll Road Controversy, 1864-1880," Oregon Historical Quarterly, June, 1957. RICHARD G BEIDLEMAN, "Nathaniel Wyeth's Fort Hall," ibid., Septem­ber, 1957. LAWRENCE RAKESTRAW, "The West, States' Rights, and Conservation" (A Study of Six Public Land Conferences), Pacific Northwest Quarterly, July, 1957. REVIEWS AND RECENT PUBLICATIONS 99 PAUL E. JOHNSTON, "Caxton Printers, Ltd., Regional Publishers," ibid. ISRAEL A. SMITH, "Some Kirtland History," The Saints' Herald, Septem­ber 30,1957. "One Hundred Years after the Mountain Meadows Massacre," ibid., October 7,1957. FRANK BISHOP LAMMONS, "Operation Camel, An Experiment in Animal Transportation in Texas, 1857-1860," The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, July, 1957. "The West is Earthquake Country," Sunset, June, 1957. "Mormon Dynamo [Ernest Wilkinson and the B.Y.U.]," Time, May 20, 1957. MARTIN MARECEK, "King of the Keelboatmen [Mike Fink]," True West, August, 1957. RUSSELL QUINN, "The Great Diamond Hoax," ibid. NELL MURBARGER, "Seven Cities of Sin and Silver," ibid. , "The Lost Sheepherder Mine" [on Nevada-Idaho border], ibid., October, 1957. VIRGIL HUTTON, "Terror in the [Grand] Canyon," ibid. OTIS E. YOUNG, "The Rise of the Cavalry in the Old West," The West­erners Brand Book [Chicago], September, 1957. FREDERIC ALLEN WILLIAMS, "The Artist and the Buffalo," The Western­ers [New York Posse], No. 2,1957. EDWARD N. WENTWORTH, "The Role of the Dog in Indian Life," ibid. FRANK H. JONAS, "The Art of Political Dynamiting," The Western Political Quarterly, June, 1957. 100 UTAH HISTORICAL QUARTERLY G. HOMER DURHAM, "WICHE: An Experiment in Interstate Co­operation and Regional Planning," ibid., September, 1957. BILL DURHAM, "Sailors of the Briny Shallows," Westways, August, 1957. JOYCE ROCKWOOD MUENCH, "First Car in to Standing Rock Basin [Utah]," ibid., September, 1957. RUTH H. DUDLEY, "Weird Lilies [Joshua trees] of the Desert," ibid. LAWRENCE CLARK POWELL, "Of Western Books and Writers," ibid. WELDON F. HEALD, "Dead Seas" [Great Salt Lake], ibid., October, 1957.