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Show COMMISSIONER OR INDIAN AFFAIRS. 23 cipal officers and agents. The consequence has been an extravagant and wasteful expend~ture of public money, with comparatively little good results. At the outset it was con6dently expected that, in the course of a year or two, the expenses would diminish, and in themean-time, the Indians would be tanght to labor and to support themselves by their own exertions. This expectation has not been realized. While it is easy to point out defects in any system, it is extremely difficult to suggest the remedy. It is evident, however, that some change in the policy for California must take place ; indeed, from the reports re-ceived from the recently appointed superintendent, almost any change would be better than the present system as administered. From his reports all the reserrations, except Klamath, are in a dilapidated condition, and in a short time will go entirely to waste unless imme-diate steps are taken to prevent it. Under these circumstances, and being desirous to initiate a policy for California which will secure our own citizens from annoyance, and, at the same time, save the Indians from the speedy extinction with which they are threatened, I feel con-strained to recommend the reueal of all laws authorizine the au.o. o int-ment of superintcn~lcnra, gcnis, and snb-agents thr ~alipornian, ud the al~nnrlunmt~of~ t~hte ure.wnt. auJ tl~esni~stitutiof~ ai sum~~whdaitf fer-ent plan of operatioh. o his office has attempted to correct the errors in the administration of the system adopted for California without snc-cess. In the first place, the State should be divided into two districts, and an agent appointed for each, with a supervisor to lead and direct the Indians in their labors, with only snch laborers and mechanics, at first, as may be necessary to keep the tools and implements in repair. It should be the duty of the agent for each district to keep a, vigilant watch over the subordinate employQs in his district, and from time to time keep tlie department regularly and fully advised of the condition and progress of the reservations within his district. The agents should give the Indians in their respective districts to understand that they are not to be fed and clothed at government expense; but that they must su ply all their wants by means of their own labor. From the report of@. Bailey, special agent, printed with the last annual report, it would seem that a policy which would be suitable to the Indians in southern California could not be made applicable to the Indians occu-pying the Coast range, north and east of Nendocino. The southern Indians are represented as subsisting principally from the products of their fields. Mr. Bailey recommended that the possession of the lands occupied by the second class of Indians spoken of in his report should be secured to them, in which I fully concur. The Indians occupying the northern and eastern portions of the State are a people of a wholly different character and habits. There is no community of feeling among them, and, therefore, it would be proper to select as many dif-ferent reservations for their occupancy and use as the condition, cir-cumstances, disposition, and habits of the Indians would seem to require. Some of the reservations now held in California for Indian purposes are unsuited for that purpose, and should any change in the present system meet the approval of Congress, it would be proper to authorize the sale of snch of the improvements as the department might deem unnecessary for Indian purposes, and apply the proceeds in making improvements |