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Show 1 20 REPORT OF THE statement of the expedition, I respectfully refer to the report of the superintendent, under date of August 4, 1859, herewith. Congress, at its ldst session, appropriated the sum of $1,000 to defray the expenses of surveying and laying off a reservation for the Pimo and Maricopa bands of Indians in Arizona, through whose country the overland route passes, and the further sum of $10,000 for suitable presents to them "in acknowledgment of their loyalty to this govern-ment and the many kindnesses lieretofore rendered by them to our citizens." This liberality to these peaceful and friendly Indians is only a just recompense for their uniform fidelity and good conduct, and for the right of way through their country. As they are disposed to industrious habits, it was deemed best to expend the amount princi-pally for implements and seeds, to enable and stimulate them to apply themselves to agricultural pursuits with more earnestness and advan-tage. The duty of carrying out the purposes of the appropriation was intrusted to Lieutenant Mowry, because, from his high character and acquaintance with the Indians and their condition, he could be relied nmon to execute the trust in a faithful manner.anc1 so as best to ulease aid gratify them. For a detailed statement of the character, condition, habits, and dis-position of these Indians, and the manner in wbich Lieutenant Mowrg carried out the delicate and important trust confided t? him, I respect-fully refer to his report herewith. I t is alike due to him that I should say that he has discharged that duty in a manner entirely satisfactory to this department. By consulting his report, it will be seen that he engaged the services of A. B. Gray, a practical and competent surveyor, to survey and mark the boundary of their reservation, who has fur-nished this office with a sketch of the survey, with ml~ich the Indians are so well satisfied; the metes and bounds being so varied as to include all their villages and improvements upon either sicle of the Gila river. Their boundaries being now well defined, it ifi to be hoped our own citizens will rigidly respect the reservation assigned to this loyal people. I invoke special attention to the reports of Me~srs.T wiss and Bent, the asents for the Indians within the nwwer Platte and Arkansas agencTes, embracing Sioux, Cheyenne, ~ r e a h o eC, omanche, Kiowax, and a portion of the Apache Indians. There is evidently a very crjtl-cal state of affairs existing within those agencies, and serious dlffi-culties must soon occur, unless timely measures are adopted to avert them. - When our overland emigration to the Pacific commenced, we found those Indians in quiet possession of the country from the Platte to the , Arkansas and Red rivers, and extending west to the base of the Rocky mountains, where they lived a nomadic life, supporting themselves without difficulty on the buffalo and other game which then abounded. They regarded, with jealousy and alarm, the sudden inroads into their country, and the destruction and dispersion of the game which fol-lowed; their feelings being still further excited by the lawless conduct of many of the emigrants. This state of things led to the treaties of Forts Laramie and Atkinson, of the 17th of September, 1851, and 27th July, 1863, respectively, by which the Indians made a formal cession |