OCR Text |
Show 8 phenomenon is found in two diversified language families "uman~jperi and Uto-Azteean, and two more or less isolated languages, Washo and uteres* The Yuman languages are located in Western Arizona, the lower Colorado River and Delta, extreme Southern California9 and south into Baja* The language family is divided into four groupss (1) California-Delta, (2) River, (3) Pai or Arizona, and (4) Kiliwa* Kiliwa, which is a single language the most southern branch in Baja, is the only branch that ks the "pet" phenomenon* The "pet" word is, in all cases a reflex of **-xate In the daughter languages, this word or a derivative of it is also used for "dog", so that likely the proto xvord had these two meanings* In some languages, it has been extended to "horse"« In some languages (e.go Mojave) the "pat" phenomenon is obligatory*, in other (e*gc Walapai) it Is optional* Yiman distinguishes alienable and inalienable possession^, and Yuman "pet" are placed in the alienable class, Seri is a language located along the Sonoran coast, south of the Yuman languages, and separated from them by i$*C Uto-Aztecan speaking Pimas* Both belong to the Hokan family, a family of divers linguistic relationships. But in this case the relationship is clear. It is not just that Seri and Yuman mark possession of animals in much the same fashion9 but rather that they do it with cognate material, as the handout shows. The use of the "pet" classifier is obligatory in Seri* The Uto-Aztecan family is more diversified than Yuman, covers a wider area, and includes more languages* It is geographically cut in half by the Yuman family* The "pet" phenomenon occurs in ail the branches except the most southsrn8 Aztecan0 In most cases the "pet" word is a reflex of Proto- Uto-Aztecan ^puku or *punku* The Takic brancha of 1 Uto-Aztecan is located in Southern California, just to the north of the Yuman languages* Some of these languages have been extinct for some time, but |