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Show 46 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF INDIAN LANGUAGES. on mountains, has been changed, and he has been placed under new physical environments. The force of acculturation under the overwhelming presence of millions of civilized people has wrought great changes. Primitive Indian society has either been modified or supplanted, primitive religions have been changed, primitive arts lost, and, in like manner, primitive languages have not remained unmodified. The period of European association has been one of rapid growth and development, especially m the accumulation of new words. The Indian method of coining new words and adapting old words to new uses is an interesting branch of philologic study. Hence, a long list of such names are called for in Schedule 24. REMARKS ON NOUNS. Twenty- four schedules are given to the collection of nouns. There are some characteristics of Indian nouns that may well receive some explanation here. " Little" is a surname often found among English- speaking people. By its use the persons to whom it is applied are named, but not described. Should we meet with a similar appellation in an Indian tongue, the person named would also be described. Personal names and all other names are, to a large extent, descriptive in Indian tongues. In denoting the person or thing, they connote characteristics, qualities, & c. That is, in the Indian tongues, as compared with the civilized tongues, names are excessively con-notive, and this appears in their morphology, as many names are found to be phrases, clauses, or even sentences. The name of the bear may be " he who seizes " or " the one with the brown nose "; the name of the wolf may be " the prowler," " the roamer," " or the " howler." Like illustrations are found on every hand. Again, names are often compounded of other names, with adjectives, verbs, and prepositions. § 25- NUMBER AND GENDER OF NOUNS- DEMONSTRATIVE AND ADJECTIVE PRONOUNS. In Indian languages gender is usuall) 7- something more than a distinction of sex. The primary classification of objects is usually into animate |