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Show 138 GENERAL VIEW OF 4~ cla•..,., Not•th, to ths ]eJd of the S:lct•arn-3nto Vallev, a dist<tnce of .:. . ona ~ltlndrcd miles, the country i:3 cntit·ely covet·ed with timber. It is mountainous, and contains no land fit fot· cultivation; and alth our.rh much of the timbe1· in t i·Jcse mountain regions i8 of exeel- " - ' lent quality, it ia so t"nt· removed l'r·om the extensi ve plain3 of C ~.d-if() l'nia, laying ful' South , that it can ncvet· be taken to them to mal(e enclo3ut'es fnt• faL'flH; and much of the country where it gt·ows, is so exceedingly b1·oken, th:tt it will be diffic nl t to take it out f.,r any ptll'pose. Bat frorn many p~l.l'ts of this extetHive tract of timbe1·, im mense quantitie:3 can und will be taken out in lumber fur all puq1nses, and used in many distant"parts of the pwvincc; and by way of the Sact·arncnto, it rnay be taken into the Bay of San Pmncisco, and from the thence whsl'cvet· wan ted. T he S.lc1·am~nto V.tlley, wh ich pwb:1bly contains about ten thou3and s11Hl1'e mile3, iJ nelll'ly or_. qi..lite. ono-thit·d timbe1·ed and one-half suitable f<Jr cultivation. Mueh of' the soil is very fe1·ti!e. Fl'Orn the Bay of Ft·ancisco to MonteRey, and between the Cali· fornia Mountain:'! and the C oa·~t, iucluJing the Vulley of St. Wul\~ ne, cove1·ing an area of nea1· twenty thousand sqwll'e miles, thAre is not more than one~tenth of the coun t1·y timbered; but nearly one half is fit fm· tillage, witi1 som3 very p0oductivo lands. F~·om Mo_nte Rey to the' L'lwcr PttcblJ, ernbra~in.6 the S.1uthern portton of Nt)t·thei·n ot· Uppc t• C ~lifomia, th el'e is, ped1 ap~, not more than one-hundl'euth part of the land timbot·eu 1 and one-twen· tieth, suitable fo1· cultivation; but there is a much gl'eater portion gobd for grazing. The Sac ramc~n to nod St. \Vakine Vuiieys, furnish much the Jar· gest body 9f good count1·y in California. In·dced ftom the health of. this countt·y, w.hich is good beyond all doubt; f 1·om the g1·eat m1ldness of the c1unate; the fel't il ity of much of its soil and tho ~reat commercial advantage3 it will have, by mean; of the noble Bay of San Francisco; it must, at no distant day become n very de~irabte, if not the most dosiJ·able country on the Conti .. nento ... When it is recollected~ as we . bave heretofore stated, that over n 1ar~e portion of .~ pper .- California, ftesh meat will koep good, hun~" m the .o pen n·y·.•:.. ' ·at a n y· season o f t h e year, for several days together, Wtthout s.alt; there can be no doubt of the gt·eat purity of_ the atmosphere,· and consequent. health of the country. O.IU:GON A~D CALIFORNIA. 139 Most of the Northern portion of the Province has a sufficieflcy of good wu.ter power; but in the South, the supply is Jess o.bun· dant: and 111 some pu1·ts, it i:i very defic ient. .\Vhen this Prov.ir~ce s!~ttll have beer. settled, by an industriOus and ent£-~rpn:3tng population, disposed to avail themselves of all the adva.ntage3 which Nat:u·e hn.s so bountifu lly spread out, ovc1· this couutry; it will be covered with vast multitudes of ~~ock of all kincl:3; the uppe 1• country will become a manufacturing ui;;trict, and eve1·y \vhcre, on and around the exten:;ive llay of San Francisco, the most active and extensive commercial operations will be constantly guiu(r on. · 0 But no country of which we have any knowledge, is so fitted by nature to becorne ooe great manufacturing region, a3 the territory of Oregon. It has every where, ovc1· it, an abundance of never f1.:1iling water powet·, sufficient to propel machiuery of' any kind and to any amount; and us we have al1·cady said, all parts of the terri· tory nl'e suitabie for raising the fine :;;t ~-;heep, (not excepting the be s ever reared in Spain,) and over this country sufficient numbe1·s cau and will be raised, to keep the numerous and extensive factor ie3in constant opemtion. But little is yet known of the minerals of the country. Some lend and iron have beendiscovet·ed; and if an intimateacquain· tance with the country shall discovel' an abundnnce of the metal~, then will there be nothina wuntina, to make Orecron one of the 0 0 ~ gl'eatest rnanufaeturing countries iu the world, but the nece5snry population and capital; both of which, titne und the entel'prise of our countrymen, will give. And, alilwugh much of it is rocky and mountu inous, and every where over it, are strong nod evideut IIIUt'ltd of powerful , and not ver·y rernote volcanic action; as the country is very healthy, the elimutc mild, nnd the volcanoe.:;, ft·am appeara:- lCes, mostly, if not all exc:ept Mount St. Helen, extinct ; we think the day not distant, when it will be sull1cient.ly peopled t> C<HI'Y on extensive manufacturing :wd commereial orerations. And as it is situated fot· carrying on a direct trade with the South Sea l:3lunus, nll the countries on the \Vestern shores of South America, und with China, the trade of w hi.::h, undc1· the treatic:1 that have bern made with this country, sinec the Briti~h wat·, must, inn Jew yeat·s, be extensive and i111port:Ant, Oregon must, nt scme fu· tur~ duy. become a great Commercitll ~1s well as Manufacturing country. |