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Show 60 height of three hundred feet; many others, of the smaller ldnds of vegetation, are in the same proport' on. W·e have seen the corn .. mon Elder gtowing from six to twelve inches in diameter, and the Hazle very commonly from four to six inches. 'fhere are several different kinds of wild fruit in the country, which are not found in the United States, and several which are, though it is not more abundant here than in the States. The cultivat ·~ fruits common in the States, ~uch as the apple, peach, and pear, appear to come to perfection; though but little attention has yet been paid to grafting and cultivation ; consequently, there is bu t little fruit of a good quality. The gt'ape, although not a native of Oregon, and not found any where West of the Rocky Mountains, and North of 42 deg., in a wild state, having been planted at Vancouver, is said to pro~uce well. The wheat grown in O r~gon is of a very superior quality: the grain is larger, fuller, heavier, an<l in every way finer, than that grown in the States. The quantity produced, with the same cultivation, on the same extent of ground, we also think, is something more; but the difference is greater in quality, than in quantity. The varieties of fore st trees ore not great; the Pine, F~t, White Cedar, Hemlock, anJ Oak, being the principal. There are also, some Maple, Ash, Al det·, Dugwood, and Cherry, found along the watercourses. Thunder is seldom heard West of the Ca8cnde Mountains, and storms and heavy winds are not prevalent. The Territory of Oregon has with great propriety been considered in three divisions. These. div isions are~ natural and strongly marked, n.ot only b~ the. mountam ranges which separate them, but also, by dtfference ~n sotl and clirpate, and of course by different degrees of p:oducttveness, a~d by a different gene ral appeal'ance. That portwn of the Terntory lying between these mountain ranges, (the Cascade and Blue Mountains,) is, under the above division the middle portion, but is generally known in that country unde; the name ~r t?~ Walawala Valley. Under this name we have previous· ly notlC.ed 1t, and thus we will designate this division, wherevet• it comes, m the course of our remarks. The climate of the Walawala Valley differs from that of Western Oregon, in being much dry~r and somewhat colder. It appears strangP. that between two. portwns of country situated in the same latitude, and separated only by a range of mountains, the diffe1·ence of climate s hould be so ma~ked. We will not pretend to account for th is difference, but wtll suggest that the elevation of the "Valawala VaHey above the Valleys of W'estorn Oregon, together with the cil'cumstance of - CLJMA TE 0 THE MIDT'LE POTI. TION., &:C. 61 its being much fsrther from the Oce1 1, and separated from its in .. ftuence, by a ve1ry lofty range of mo, 1tains, might mak ' the c]if .. ference. 'rhis c1imate, togetheP wi. the dry o.nd sandy chnracte r of th·e greatet· portion _of the soil, anL tho richness of th~ grasses which they produce, renders this portiJn or Oregon, above "H oth· ers highly f~vorttble to grazing; and it i~ in ou:( opinion, especially adapted, on these ccounts, to the raising of sheep. As we have before rern:1rked'!' the grass springs up here also, in ! ... utumn, and is green, end frequently growing ~ through the Viinter : so that animals requiN~ no other food . 1~ he almost entire absence of timber in the Walawala Vnlley, is attributable to the dry and sandj' nature, and to the insufriciency of the soil. 'fhe few Cotton Wood and V'J il· low trees which)ine the margins of some of streams and .Ri,vers, and the Pines which grow at the base of the f,!ountains, is all the timbe r which the Valley affords. \Vhere the soil along the streams and near the mountains is rich; the climate fovors the production of v/ heut, rye, oats, &c.; the common garden vegetables ; aud is supposed to be more congenial to the growth of .A.ndian corn., than that of \Ve~~ , tern \)t·egon. Corn has been grown for some years, in small, qt~antitics, at Dr. Whitman's Mission, and some of the Wala\ir aln. Indians have b.een induced to cultivate small patches of it. But the ears we saw were small, and the quantity produced h:1s also been small; and we are confident of our'correctness in saying, that there is no portion of Oregon in which this grain CC\n be prothnbly produced. T he climate of the Walawala Vailey, and every thing else connected with it; the dryness of its soil, the purity of its waters, rmd the vicinity of snow covered peaks, are certainly highly fauo1·able to health ; and in proof of its healthfulness, we ha e: the testimony of those who have resided in it as Traders, or l\fissiona· ries, for n number of years; and not only the testimony of words, but also of appearance. The remaining portion of the Territory of Oregon-the Eastern portion-we have ~uf-ficiently noticed, in passing througft it. Very much the largest pot·tion of Eastern Orego-n, is a t present, and tnust continue for ~ great number of years, to be, comparati e .. ly valueless. It is a desert, so rugged, so dreary, and so exceedingly sterile, that it cannot, until ages upon ages have melt~d its mountains; until the winds, and floods, and changes of thousands and thou sands of years, shall have crumbled into dust, its l'Ocks, nml its sands; yield anything worthy of consideration, to the support of human life. There are, however, some beautiful exceptions to |