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Show 176 EXPLORATION OF THE OARONS OF THE COLORADO. stand that the river cut its way through a region that was slowly rising above the level of the sea, and tbe rain washed out the valleys, and left rocks and cliffs standing, and the river never turned aside fi:om its original course to seek an easier way, for the progress of uplifting was not greater than that of con·asion. Again we see how slowly the dry land has emerged from the sea; no great convulsion of nature, but steady progress. The Orange Cliffs, which terminate Labyrinth Canon, extend to the west a few miles, and then chanb(re their course to the southwest runnino- ' b parallel with the axis of the fold we are now discussing, and they cross the Dirty Devil a few miles above its mouth. rrhus they are seen, like the ·other lines of cliffs, to face the axis of a fold. Figure 62 is a bird's·eye view ,of this country, showing the course of the river throu(0r h Stillwater, Cataract, and Narrow Canons. It represents the cutting of the ~:;tream into the slope of a mountain range, and out of it again, without crossing the range. On the left it shows two lines of cliffs. Here we have a district inclosed within Titanic walls. On the southeast are great mountains, a~d from the foot of their slope, on the north side, nea1' Grand River we find a li~e o~ cliffs crossing this stream, and extending to the Green, in 1 a westerly dn·ecbon; then to the southwest, to the Dirty Devil River, and then broken and confused by buttes and canon walls, which extend toward the east until it strikes the southern foot of the mounta1'ns . W1't hm' tlu ·s wa1 1e d area' a profound gorge-Cataract Canon-is seen, with Stillwater Canon above and Narrow Canon below. The lower catlon of the G ran d 1· s a1 s o seen' and a number of lateral canons. ' Along the general slope of the district between the canons are vast num~ers of buttes. Their origin is the same as that of the buttes previously ~e.scnbed. ?ftcn ~hey are but monuments, or standing columns of roc.ks. FtOm the~ lS .del'lved the Indian name Toom'-pin Wu-near' Tu-weap'-tbe Land of t;tandmg Rocks. G Adjacent to the larger canons, especially near the junction of the rand and Green, walled cow~s are £o un d· E ac I1 mam. gulch branches into ~ number ol ~ }smaller gulches above, and each of these smaller gulchc heads 111 an amp ut leater rrhe e car m f l t . . d ·. ' P ents 0 these amphitheaters arc broken anc ei 1 ace , and m man y p1a ces two such amphitheaters are so close HENltY MOUNTAINS. 177 together that they are separated only by a narrow gorge of vertical homogeneous sandstone. This latter, though homogeneous in general structure, is banded with red and gray, so tlmt the walls of the amphi theaters seem painted. In many places those walls are broken, and the coves are separated by lines of monuments. Where these coves or amphitheaters are farther apart, the spaces above are naked, presenting a smooth but billowy pavement of sandstone, in the depressions of which are many water pockets, some of them deep, preserving a perennial supply; but the greater number so shallow that the water is evaporated within a few days after the infrequent showers. In many places, especially in the sharp augles between gulches, the rocks are often fissured, and huge chasms obstruct the course of the adveut-urous climber. These canons, and coves, and standing rocks, and buttes, anJ cliffs, and distant mountains present an ensemble of strange, grand features. Wierd and wonderful is the Toom' -pin Wu-near' Ttt-weap'. GLEN CANON. The deepest part of Glen Cm1ou is found in the b.end to the north, several miles above the mouth of the Paria, where the n ver runs through the variegated beds. Its entire course js through rocks of Triassic Age, chiefly red sand-stones. These rocks, beautifu~ly expo ed in the Orange Cliffs, return to the river down the western bank of the Dirty Devil, and we enter them again immediately below the mouth of that stream; and h~re we ~ass d 1 1 d f tha r 0ld which brou(rht Ul) the Carbomferous hme-aroun t 1e ower en o \:' l ' o stones and sandstones through which Stillwater, Catarac.t, and. Narrow 0 to ., The (rroup of mountains discovered m commg down afions are excava u. o . Narrow Caiion is composed of eruptive rocks in part, but only m part. Quantities of molten matter poured out tlu·ough so~e fissures here, and s read over the country before it had been eroded to lts present depth; and P. . 1 1 · 1. came from the depths below, protected tho sand-tins harder matena , w ltCu ' . . 1 · 1. • t . 8 .... 1 )rcau from tho deoTadatwn whtch befell tho stones over w u<.·u 1 wa "' , o ' , , 0 ., " beyond the ca}>l>inrr trachyte. The base of tbe extension of the u u"' v 23 OOL |