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Show SUMMARY The validation effort described in this paper has resulted in an effective measurement tool for the measurement of air toxics compounds, such as formaldehyde, in natural gas-fired engine exhaust. The aldehyde concentrations can be determined on a continuous basis alleviating the need to perform manual sampling and analysis using methods that are prone to interferences from other species (e.g., N02) in engine exhaust. Additionally, since the validation effort included measurement of other compounds (i.e., N0X' CO, CO2, and moisture), the FI1R method provides a single measurement system with the potential to replace several EPA reference methods for "criteria pollutants". On July 21, 1995, EPA approved the results described in this paper and stated, in a letter to GRI, that the test results "can be considered valid according to Method 301 for this source and similar sources'~ The EPA also stated that the FfIR test protocol drafted based on the validation testing results "may be used at any gas-fired facility" .7 REFERENCES 1. EPA Method 0011, "Sampling for Aldehydes and Ketone Emissions from Stationary Sources" , Methods Manual For Compliance with BIF Regulations , EPA Office of Solid Waste, EPA/530-SW-91-010, December 1990. 2. State of California Air Resources Board Method 430, "Determination of Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde in Emissions from Stationary Source It, California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, California, amended December 13, 1991. 3. Vairavamurthy, A, Roberts, J. M., and Newman, L. (1993). Sampling of Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds for Determination by Liquid Chromatography after 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Labeling, Sampling and Analysis of Airborne Pollutants, L.R. Keith editor, Lewis Publishers, Ann Arbor, Chap. 10, pp.149-l74. 4. Karst, U., Binding, N., Cammann, K., and Witting, U. (1993). Interferences of Nitrogen Dioxide in the Determination of Aldehydes and Ketones by Sampling 0 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine-Coated Sorbent, Fresenius J Anal Chem, 345, pp.48-52. 5. Karst, U., Gromping, A H. J., Binding, N., Witting, U., and Cammann, K. (1995). Determination of Aldehydes, Ketones and Nitrogen Dioxide in Automobile Exhausts, American Environmental Laboratory, Vol. 7 , No.2, pp. 32-33. 6. EPA Method 301, "Field Validation of Pollutant Measurement Method for Various Media", 40 CFR Part 63, Appendix A, December 1992. 7. Ogle, L.D., J.P. LaCosse, and G.S. Shareef, "Fourier Transform Infrared (FfIR) Method Validation at a Natural Gas-Fired Internal Combustion Engine", Report No. GRI-95/0271, Gas Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois, October 1995. 8. "Fourier Transform Infrared (FfIR) Method Validation at a Coal-Fired Boiler", prepared by Entropy Environmentalists, Inc., Draft Report, EPA Contract No. 68D20163, July 1993. 16 I J |
