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Show Table 1 FfIR Target Compound Spectral Analysis Regions Tcu:get Compound I·: .. Analysis Region (an-I) Acetaldehyde 2665 - 2834 Acrolein 920 - 995 Formaldehyde 2665 - 2834 CO 2164 - 2185 CO2 1009 - 1083 NO 1818 - 1931 N02 1598 - 1600 Moisture 870 - 886 DATA COllECTION Engine Operation. Exhaust gas samples were taken from a Cooper-Bessemer GMV -10TF 2-stroke engine rated at 1,110 horsepower. Engine parameters, such as cylinder balance and horsepower, were monitored during the validation effort; however, no attempt was made to tune the engine to optimize efficiency or to minimize emission levels. The engine operation was steady throughout the testing, except for an upset experiehced during the aldehyde spiking on July 15, 1994 when another engine which was on common suction and discharge lines went off-line. Data collected during this upset period were not used in the calculations, and additional test runs were made to ensure sufficient data were available to perform the necessary calculations. Dynamic Spiking. The aldehydes spike gas stream was generated through dynamic dilution of a certified standard of acetaldehyde and acrolein. Flow rates were controlled with flow controllers and monitored using calibrated mass flow meters. Formaldehyde spiking was performed by continuous volatilization of a liquid solution of formalin purchased as 37 weight percent formaldehyde in water from Aldrich Chemical Company and was diluted to 380 ug/mL in deionized water for spiking purposes. Spiking was accomplished using a Waters HPLC pump operating at 1.0 mL/min. Accuracy of the pump was verified by weight loss from the formalin supply vessel. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein were dynamically spiked into a slip stream of the engine exhaust gas at levels two to five times the concentrations native to the gas stream. Spiking data, with gas flow rates and spiked compound concentrations is shown in Table 2. Since the exhaust gas stream was diluted by the addition of the spike gases, the native concentration in the sample stream was corrected for the amount of dilution when calculating the final concentration in the spiked stream. 8 |
