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Show The entire floor of the furnace was made up of water-cooled steel panels, Fig. 3. These panels are instrumented to permit the measurements of heat flux to the floor. flowrate and the temperature difference between the outlet and the inlet of each panel. Preheating combustion air by up to 6000 C is facilitated by three recuperators R1, R2 and R3 in Fig. 1. The furnace has been facilitated with 34 probing ports and 3 sight ports. Fixed thermocouples, static pressure taps, orifice meters for gas and flowmeters for cooling water are installed in the furnace system. The locations of surface thermocouples on the refractory walls are shown in Fig. 4. 4. Computational procedure The Favre averaged transport equations are solved by the finite control volume method [11]. The radiant energy transfer equation for radiant intensity field is solved by the discrete ordinates method [14] using .a TN quadrature set [12] which can be incorporated with the finite volume method by using the same control volume to integrate those governing equations. 4.1. Finite volume method The governing transport equations for mean flow and scalar fields can be put into a common form. For steady flows, the summation of the flux gradient (including convection and diffusion) in all direction is equal to a source S~ . When ~ represents one of the variables in mean flow and scalar fields, a common form of the transport equation q> is (18) (19) .. 84> J", = p-v~ - r ... - "-,11 ..- 8y , (20) .. 84> J~z, = pwq> - r~-8z . (21 ) The finite volume method is excuted first by dividing the calculation domain into a finite number of non-overlapping control volumes. Each control volume has one grid point 6 |