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Title	N2O Formation in Selective Non-Catalytic NOx Reduction Process
Creator	Muzio, L. J.; Martz, T. D.; Montgomery, T. A.; Quarturcy, Q. C.; Cole, J. A.; Kramlich, J. C.
Publisher	Digitized by J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah
Date	1990
Spatial Coverage	presented at San Francisco, California
Abstract	NOx control techniques currently under development Include combustion modification and post-combustion techniques. As these technologies are developed and implemented, it is important to ensure that NOx reductions are not achieved at the expense of producing other undesirable species. One possible concern Is the production of N2O from the NOx reduction process. The current work addressed the potential N2O production from selective non-catalytic NOx reduction (SNCR processes using ammonia, urea, and cyanuric acid injection). Previous work with SNCR processes has shown that ammonia injection produces minimal N2O emissions, while cyanuric acid Injection has, under certain conditions, almost quantitatively converted NOx to N2O. It has been suggested that urea might behave as a hybrid between ammonia and cyanuric acid. In the work described here, pilot scale testing and chemical kinetic modeling were used to characterize the N2O production from these processes over a range of process parameters. The data show that SNCR processes were all found to produce some N2O as a by-product. Ammonia Injection produced the lowest levels of N2O with N2O levels less than 4% of the NOx reduced. Cyanuric acid produced the highest levels ranging from 12-40% of the NOx reduced. The conversion of NOx to N2O with the urea injection ranged from 7-25%.
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Language	eng
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Title	Page 22
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OCR Text	Show REFERENCES !, ~. j • .: I ~ • - . .._~ t " ', _ . . j .....~ l Castaldinl, C., et aI., Environmental Assessment of Industrial Process Combustion Equipment Modified for Low' NOx Operation, Proceedings of the 1982 Joint S~tf.osium on Stationary 'combustion NO" Control, V. II, 46.1-46.24, E A-600/9-85-0266, LJ .S. EriV1rbnmen tal Protection Agency ... 1983; - Caton, J. A. and Siebers, D. L., "Comparison of Nitric Oxide Removal by , > Cyanuric Acid and by Ammonia~" Paper 88-67, presented 'at the' Western States Section/The Combustion Institut~, Fall Meeting, Dana Point, California, October 1988. ' -Chen: S.L. :'-Cole, J.A.,Heap, M.P., Kramlich, J.C., McCarthy, J.M., and Pershing, .-, t ·. D.W., Advanced NOx Reduction Processes USing -NH and -CN Compounds in Conjunction with Stagea ' Air Addition. In Proceedings: Twenty-second . _ Symposium (International) on COfT1bustion. 1988, The Combustion Institute . . .. .'Pittsburg, PA'=.' pp, 1135-1145 ~ ' -~ • e' 'i ': II. • '. I [' l _ • • i\ Cole, J.A:, Kreimlich, J.C·:,':) Chemical Kinetic - Study of Fuel-Rich Reburning Chemistry, Combustion and Flame (1990), (submitted). -, - II'"' Had;. W. -M., Wofsy, S.C., McElroy, M, W'J Beer, J.M., and Toquan, M. A., Sources of Atmospheric Nitrous ' Ox'ide frdm Combustion, J:-:Geophys. Res., V. 15, 1369, 1987. .... 1 . .... ' .. oJ '. I Kramlich, J.D., Cole, J.A., McCarthy, cu.M., Lanier, W.S. ; and McSorley, J.A., "Mechanisms of Nitrous Oxide formation in Coal Flames". Paper 1 A-006. Presented at: Fall Meetind, Weslern States Section/Japanese Section/The Combustion Institute, Honolulu, HI. November. 1987. Kramlich, J.C., Cole, J.A., McCarthy, J.M., Lanier, W.S., and McSorley, J.A., Mechanisms of Nitrous Oxide Formation in Coal Flames, Combustion and Flame, (1989) 77 (3.4), pp. 375-384. Kramlich, J.C., Lyon, R.K., and Lanier, W.S., EPA/NOAA/NASA/USDA N20 Workshop, Volume I: Measurement Studies and Combustion Sources, EPA-600/8-88-079, 1988. Lyon, R. K., Longwell, J. P., "Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction of NOx by NH3 , " Proceedings of the NOx Control Technology Seminar, EPRI SR39, February 1976. Mansour, M. N., et al. "Full-Scale Evaluation of Urea Injection for NOx Removal," Proceedings of the 1987 Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOy Control, Vol. 2, EPRI CS5361, 1987. i Montgomery, T.A., Muzio, L.J., Samuelson, G.S., "Continuous Infrared AnalYSis of ( , N20 in Combustion Products,"JAPCA, V. 39, No.5, pp. 721-726, 1989. Muzio, L. J. and Arand, J. K., "Homogeneous Gas Phase DecompOSition of Oxides of Nitrogen, EPRI FP253, August 1976. 22
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Reference URL	https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s68s4sfs/6064