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Show 56 should not be confused with the Sac and Fox leader of the same name who had risen to fame a generation earlier in Illinois.) He began almost exactly the same type of war that his predecessor Wakara had begun a decade earlier. Signalling the beginning of the "Black Hawk War," a council was held in central Utah (probably Utah County) in the summer of 1863. Besides the people of the Tumpanuwac band, there were Pahvants. Parianuche and Yamparkas there. The reason for the meeting was obviously to plan war. Some important details about the period are known because two good observers were there. The first was James Duane Doty, the newly arrived agent for Utah, and the second was Uriah M. Curtis who followed his "group" from Colorado. Curtis was surprised to find the council, as he was only looking for the Utes who had left his agency at a time when a treaty signing was about to take place in Colorado. The condition of the tribes is illumin-i ated by his comments. He was surprised "...at the wasted numbers of these bands...Chiefs, who a few years before, had led hundreds of warriors, now do .not have as many as dozens." It is not known what was or was not agreed to in the meeting of 1863, but the forces under Black Hawk continued their raids. The character of the raids is very interesting. Even though this was the most costly Indian War that Utah has endured, it was not 17simeon Whiteley, in RCIA, l86_3_, p. 133. |