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Show 26 Nuwuvi: A Southern Paiute History huts . . . and they would bring us some food." 18 Such generosity was the way of the Nuwuvi. A Spaniard and the Ute interpreter went with one of the Nuwuvi, bringing back "a small supply of wild sheep, dried tuna [prickly pear] made into cakes, and grass seeds." 19 The next day twenty Nuwuvi came to camp with "some cakes or loaves of tuna and several bags of seeds of various herbs to sell." ' The Spanish paid for the provisions and requested that the Nuwuvi bring more. After mid-day "many more Indians came with trade goods, among them being one who was said to be Mescalero Apache, and to have come with two others from his country to this one, crossing the river a few days previously. . .." Escalante remarked that this Apache "was distinguished from the rest of the Indians by the disgust which he showed at seeing us here and by the greater display of animosity which we noticed he was purposely making." 21 This observation indicates that the Nuwuvi attitude toward the Spanish, though cautious, was friendly. Even though they probably knew of Spanish-Indian conflicts, they were willing to give the Spaniards an opportunity to develop good relations. Because of the rough environment in which they lived, it was an important part of Nuwuvi culture to be generous and friendly with strangers or visitors as long as they were not threatening. These Nuwuvi traders were Uinkarits, a Nuwuvi band once occupying the Uinkaret Plateau between the Virgin River and the Colorado in northern Arizona which is now extinct. After mentioning the tribes surrounding their territory, one Nuwuvi indicated that he had already heard of the journey of Father Garces22 who traveled below the Colorado River earlier in the same year. This strengthened Escalante's suspicion that the Nuwuvi had been instructed by the Hopi not to serve as guides to the Spanish. Again, the Nuwuvi refused to guide the party to the Colorado and began to leave after the conversation. The Spanish traveled northeast from Mt. Trumbull, meeting no more Nuwuvi until they approached the Paria River, east of Kanab, Utah. After making several turns in the mountain valley, the party discovered some fires near which there were three Nuwuvi kanees. Their interpreters were already there, having gone ahead of the main body of the party.23 Because they were unable to distinguish the number of men who were coming through the dark, most of the |