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Show 106 INDEX. Table-Mountain, :cape of Good Hope, in· tersected by veins-see wood-cut No. 85, 354 Tertiary form:ttions, of Touraine, 20, 203 --of the basin of the Gironde and the district of the Landes, 206 Tanaro, plains of the, 211 -- of Piedmont, 211 Taro, river, nature of the sediment deposited by the, 161 -- of Switzerland, 212 -- of Styria, Vienna, Hungary, &c., 212 Taunus, beds and large quartz veins found --of Volhynia and Podolia, 215 in the mountains of the, 201 Tech, tertiary strata in the valley of the, 170 Ter, valley of the, 185 --of 'Montpellier, 215 --of Auvergne, 217, 226 --of Velay, 219, 235 'I'eronel, river, lava excavated by the, 189 Terraces, manner in which the sea de- --of the Orleanais, 219 --of the Upper Val d'Arno, 219 stroys successive lines of-see wood-cut No. 24, Ill, 292 -- of Cadibona, 221 -- of the Cantal, 236 Terranuova, dip of the:tertiary strata at, 7 4 Tertiary formations, general remarks on the, 15 --of the Paris basin, 16, 241 -- at first all referred to the age of those of the Paris basin, 17, J 9 -- origin of the European, at successive periods, 18 -- of the sub-Apennine hills, 18 --of Touraine, 20 -- of Bordeaux and Dax, 20 -- of Piedmont, 20 --of the Valley of the Bormida, 21 -- of the Superga, near Turin, 21 --of the basin of Vle11na, 21 --newer than the sub-Apennines, 21 -- the newest often blend with those of the historical era, 22 --different circumstances under which these and the secondary formations may have originated, 23, 329 - state of the surface when they were formed, 24 -- classification of, in chronological order, 45 -- new subdivisions of the, 52 -- numerical proportion of recent shells in different, 53, 54, 55, 58 -- mammiferous remains of successive, 59 --Synaptical Table of Recent and, 61 -- of Sicily, 63 ---of Campania, 118 -of Chili and Peru, 130 --of the West I11tlia Arc:ldpelago, 132 -- of the East India Archipelago, 13.3 --of Norway and Swedeu, 135 -- on the western borders of the Red Sea, 135 -- identity of their mineral composition no proof of contemporaneous origin, l 61 -- of the Po, Arno, and Tiber, their resemblance, l 61 --at the base ofthcMaritimeAips, 164 -- at the eastern extremity of the Py-renees, 170 -- in Spain, 170 --in the Morea, 170 --of England, 18, 19, 135, 171, 277 -- of the Coteutin, or Valognes, 276 -- of Rennes, 276 -- of the Netherlands, 276 · -- of Aix in Provence, 276 -- no ~pecies common to the secondary and, 327 Testacea, fossil, of chief importance, 47 -- marine, wide range of, 44, 48 ' -- longevity of the species of, 48, 56 Tet, valley of the, tertiary strata found in, 170 . Thames, basin of the, 18 Theorizing in geology, different methods of, 1 Tiber, river, has flowed in its present channel since the building of Rome, 138 --yellow sand deposited by the, 161 -- valley of the, 139 TimE', effects of prepossessions in regard to the duration of past, 97 Touraine, tertiary strata of, 20, 203 -- and Paris, relative age of the tertiary strata of-see diagram No.3, 20 --fossil shells of-see'l'ables,Appendix I. Trachytic breccias and aliuviums alternating in Auvergne, 217 Transition formations, remarks on, 13 Transverse valleys in the North and South Downs-see wood-cut No. 73, 298 -- remarks on their formation, 299 -- suppo3ed ~ection of one of them-see wood-cut No. 74, 300 Tmnsylvania, te1·tiary formations of, 213 --age of tl1e tertiary stmta of, 215 -- volcanic rocks of, 223 --fossil shellsof-se~:~Tables,Appendix I. Trap rocks, o1·igin of the term, 360 -- of Scotland, how formed, aGO --passage of, into granitE', 361 Trass of the Rhine volcanos, 197 -- its origin, 198 Travertins of the valley of the Elsa, 137 -- of Rome, recent shells with the tusk of the mammoth found in, 138 Trees, longevity of, 99, 272 Trezza, bay of, sub-Etnean formations exposed in the, 78 -- proofs of sub- marine eruptions in the 78, 81 ' INDEX. 107 Tdmmiugham, manner in which the crag strata rest on the chalk ncar-see diagram No. 30, 173 -- view of a promontory of chalk and <'rag near-see wood-cut No. 41, 179 -- section of the northern 1>rotuberance of chalk at-see wood-cut No. 42, 180 Tripolitza, plain of, breccias now forming in the, 144 Tufa, calcareous, the hills of Rome capped by, 138 -- tusk of the mammoth found in, near Rome, 138 Tuff, dikes of, how formed, 70 --in the hill of Novera-see diagram No.8, 70 --·volcanic, recent shells in, near Naples, 126 -- shells found in, at great heights in Ischia, 126 Turin, tertiary formations of, 211 --fossil shells of-see Tablcs,Appendix I. Tuscany, fresh-water formations of, 137 -- age of the volcanic rocks of, 183 Udclevalla, elevated beaches of, 135 Unconformability of str:~ta,, remarks on the, 30,33 Univet·sal formations, remarks on the theory of, 38 Oniversality of red marl, remarks on the supposed, 333 --of certain hypogene rocks, 376 Upper marine formations of the Paris basin • how formed, 248 Val d'Arno, Upper, minMal character of the lacustrine strata of the, 161 --fresh-water formations of the, 219 -- mammiferous remains of the, 220 Val del Bove, great valley on E'ast side of Etna-see wood-cut No. 17,83 -- its length, depth, &c., 8tl -- description of the, 87 --its circular form, 87 --dikes numerous in the, 87 --dip of the beds in the, 87 --section of buried cones seen in, 88 -- tlifference in the dip of the beds where these occur, 88 -- scenery of the, 88 --form, compo-ilion, and origin of the dikes in, 90 --view of, from the summit of Etna-see wood-cut No. 22, 93 -- lavas and breccias of the, 93 ·--origin of the, 95 -- floods in, caused by melting of snow by Java, 96 Valdemone, formations of, 75 Val di Cal anna, its crateriform shape, 85 -- dip of the beds in the, 85 I\ Val di Calamia, its origin, 85 --began to be filled up by lava in 1811 and 1819-see wood-cut No. 18 86 Val di Nota, formations of the 63 ' -- divisible into three groups-see dia-gram No. 5, 64 -- volcanic rocks ofthe, 63, 67 -- volcanic conglomerates of the, 73 --proofs of the gradual accumulation of the formations of the, 73 -- connexion of the formations of the with those at the base of Etna-se~ diagram No. 12, 76 -- form of the valleys in the limestone dist1·icts of the, 110 --inland cliffs seen on the east side of 111 ' --igneous rocks of the, 361 --fossil shells from the-see Appendix II., p. 53 Vale of Pewsey, 308 Valley of the N adder, 308 -- of the Weald-see Weald Valleys, of elevation, 305 -- on Etna, account of, 83 -- of Sicily, their form-see wood-cut No. 23,110 -- most rapidly excavated where earthquakes prevail, 113, 148 -- and parallel troughs between the North and South Downs, how formed, 294 --transverse, of the North and South Downs, 298 --how formed-see wood-cut No. 74, 300 - and furrows on the chalk, how caused, 311 -- of the South-east of England, how' formed, 319 Valmondo~, rolled blocks of calcaire grossiE'r in the upper marine sandstone of, 249 Valognes, tertiary strata of the environs of, 276 -- fossil shells of-sec Tables, Appcn· dix L Vander Wyck, M., on the Eifel district, 201 Var, ri\·er, large quantities of grarel swept into the sea by the, 168, 169 Vatican, hill of the, calcareous tufa on the, 138 Veaugirard, alternation of calcaire grassier and plastic clay at, 244 Veins of lava on Etna-see wood-cut No. 20, 91 Velay, bones of extinct quadrupeds in volcanic scorioo in, 219 -~ fresh-water formations of, 235 -- age of the volcanic rocks of, 224, 260, 262 |