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Show the valley. On the gable wall individual timbers were close to the breaking point. Because of the small exposed surface the upward acting component of force could not take effect sufficiently. The pressure, at most about 3000 kg/ m2 ( estimated from the damages observed in the timbers), of the snow mass on the relatively little exposed gable wall on the mountain side was insufficient to tip the house forward. d) Other Objects Concrete foundations of cable railway stations. The foundations had been constructed as concrete cells as shown in Figure 7. The foundation depth on the side toward the mountain varied according to the gradient of the slope. Although the wooden superstructure was destroyed at the time, none of the foundations inspected were displaced by the avalanches. The calculated tipping stresses must have been smaller than 4000 to 5000 kg/ m2. J2^ Siege - Richtung 92cm- W° y A- A ?-• •+• ° - L Biegung bezogen " | ; auf y- y Ane y'; KhPU | Biegung bezogen auf y- y Ane Weggerissener Wandreil rtj eooo kg dation avalan - sac in Blons. Lawine che, Sacke mit Kalk ks of lime Fig. 7. Cable railway foun- Fig. 8. Structural steel Fig. 9. Foundation wall of support for the cable a new structure in Blons. railway in Blons. Biege- Lawine - avalanche, Hang Richtung - Bending slope, Weggerissener Wand-direction, Beton - con- teil rd. 6000 kg - Part crete, Biegung bezogen of the wall torn away, auf y- y Axe - Bending about 6000 kg. about the y- y axis. Handrail post in the Esch gulch. The Esch gulch avalanche, in contrast to the other avalanches in this district, was already channeled in the gulch in the " release zone" and in descending received in addition influxes of other avalanches from the side. Also, the expansion was partially checked by the embankment on the side, so that, because of the larger mass of snow and the plainly greater snow load, the nature of this avalanche lies between the powder avalanches and the ground avalanches ( Grundlawine)*. This conclusion is also indicated by the damages which occurred in the forest stand along the edge of the gulch, as opposed to the barely detectable damages in a stand of timber from a powder avalanche in Bings- Blundenz. The path of the avalanche in Bings ran thru a forest on a steep rocky slope. In spite of the fact that a building at the transition of the slope to the level was destroyed by the avalanche in the * Translators Note: Grundlawine - an avalanche to ground, usually with stones, earth, etc., entrained. |
