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Show Presented at 2012 AFRC Annual Meeting, September 5-‐7, Salt Lake City, UT © 2012 ClearSign Combustion Corp. all rights reserved 8 to normal perturbations within the volume, the flame is drawn in various equiangular shapes. The effect could be made permanent by selectively grounding stationary poles rather than employing a uniform cylindrical ground. The main point is that ECC technology offers a novel and unparalleled tool for shaping flames in extraordinary ways. Flames can also be foreshortened with a properly oriented electric field. Figure 11 shows how flame height is approximately halved while combustion intensity at the floor is doubled using this technique. (a) (b) ECC Technology Off ECC Technology On Figure 11. Flame Length Reduction with ECC Technology. A buoyancy dominated flame (such as found in grate-‐fired boilers) issues from a nozzle into a firebrick enclosure surrounded by quiescent air. In (a) ECC technology is off and the average flame height is 20" tall. Above the bricks a toroid waits to be energized. In (b) the toroid is energized and Coulombic body forces drive the flame to 11" tall while the combustion intensity is increased by a proportional amount ceteris paribus. Such a technique may be used to effectively double the height of existing boilers or to allow new boilers to be significantly smaller for a given heat release. 7. Enhanced luminosity. ECC technology also enhances flame luminosity and radiant heat transfer; Figure 12 shows the dramatic increase. Luminosity increases have been demonstrated for natural gas and propane and should be applicable to all hydrocarbon Toroid& Average&& Flame& Height& Coulombic& Force& |