OCR Text |
Show Figures 1 and 2 are plan and side views of the BERL. Figure 1 is proportionately drawn to provide a clear idea of the floor plan in the optical laboratory and control room. The furnace is located near the center of the optical laboratory and is surrounded on three sides by optical tables. There is ample room for the movement of heavy equipment and to provide for visual observation of burners and flames during operation. The control room, which is acoustically insulated from the optical laboratory, serves both as a visitor viewing area and an office/data collection area. Figure 2 shows a side view of the BERL installation. Two features are shown here which were not clear in the previous figure. The first is the isolation pad on the ground floor. This reduces the transmission of mechanical noise (due to the burner, etc.) to the optics located on the mezzanine. The second feature is the exhaust hood located on the ceiling of the mezzanine level. The hood itself is 6 feet in diameter and has a 24 inch diameter duct leading through the ceiling to the induced-draft exhaust fan on the roof. The exhaust duct leading from the furnace chamber will telescope into the roof exhaust duct, thus ensuring that furnace exhaust gases do not escape into the room. The breadth of the hood will also help to collect hot air convecting away from the furnace reducing the thermal budget of the room and helping to keep the diagnostic equipment cool. Figures 1 and 2 also illustrate the optical platform and vertical traverse. The criteria for design of the optical platform and the platform traverse are largely independent of the combustion chamber, except where the physical dimensions 'of the chamber must be accommodated. The conceptual design of the traverse is based on the following requirements: • provide a full diameter traverse (combustor centerline to ± 2 ft) in one direction and a full radius traverse (combustor centerline to + 2 ft), orthogonal to the full diameter traverse and parallel to the floor, • provide 5 feet of vertical traversing from the burner face to the top of the combustion chamber, 5 • incorporate flexible optical table arrangements to support the use of many varied optical diagnostics including for example laser based techniques involving absorption, fl uorescence, scattering, ionization, interference and imaging, • provide easy access to the combustion chamber on at least one side, • design the z traverse such that there are no physical obstructions above the elevation of the breadooards due to the z traverse in any combination of x, y or z traverse posi tions, • isolate the optics from any vibrations ei ther created by the burner or transmitted through the building floors and walls from other sources • ensure probing accuracy and repeatability within ± 0.005 inches within minimum deflection from the measurement plane throughout the entire range of traverse positions. Any review of practical gas-fired combustion systems will reveal an extremely wide range of burner designs, firing configurations and process thermal requirements, such that ideal or generic test conditions are difficult if not impossible to define. The use of gas for domestic, commercial and industrial purposes has led to the development of innumerable varieties of gas burners. The smallest of these, as used for example to provide pilot flames, have ratings as low as a few watts, while the largest, as used in some utility ooilers, can have ratings up to 60 MW, representing a range of scale of over 107 to one. Similarly, process applications vary widely in their thermal requirements. Applications such as heating and drying require process temperatures of only a few hundred degrees, while steel and glass melting furnaces operate at . temperatures around 3000°F frequently with oxygen enrichment. The design of a facility which can aC,commodate a wide range of burner and firing configurations, while simulating a range of thennal and physical |