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Show Conclusion 63 An integrated survey is more time-consuming and costly than a less elaborate architectural survey; an appendix to this report offers an overview of the project's costs. It takes more time and more people to carry out an ethnographic project than it does to survey architecture or to locate one or two outstanding folk artists. If the participating organizations felt the burden of a short amount of time in small, homogeneous Grouse Creek, one can imagine the challenge to survey a three-county area involving thousands of buildings and scores of different occupational and ethnic groups. The price of adding folklife research is paid in time. The demand on resources means that a state historic preservation office may be able to conduct an integrated survey only from time to time. When should such a survey be undertaken? The Grouse Creek experience suggests four circumstances for action: 1. When a multi-property or district nomination to the National Register is contemplated. Such nominations will benefit from the cultural information that an integrated survey can provide, and the process will improve the identification of significant structures within the proposed district. 2. When an area is marked by the presence of cultural groups whose cohesion and identity depends in a pronounced way upon factors of region, occupation, ethnicity, or religion. It is unlikely that the built environment in such an area will be fully understood without knowledge of the area's culture. 3. When a product beyond a National Register nomination is in the offing. Publications, exhibits, films, and the like-whether by the preservation office or others-will benefit from the findings of an integrated survey. 4. When interagency cooperation is possible. The Grouse Creek endeavor depended on the cooperation of a number of government agencies. After the survey How can the findings of an integrated cultural survey be used? According to the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines, after a historic preservation survey identifies cultural resources, they are to be evaluated and treated. The evaluation of properties consists of determining whether they are historically significant and eligible for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. Treatment refers to activities that protect properties on or eligible for the National Register, including the Section 106 review process and tax incentives for building rehabilitation. Could cultural resources other than properties be evaluated? The answer is provided in the lists of property and non-property resources that accompany this report's summary statements of historic and cultural contexts. For example, both the Edward Frost ranch with all its buildings and the technique of roping and throwing calves during branding are significant features of Grouse Creek's cultural heritage within Context 1, Mormon Cattle Ranching, 1880s-1940. Both the ranch and the skills needed to work it are products of local culture, even though only the ranch may be listed on the National Register. Toni Tanner and homemade doughnuts. (Carol Edison; GCCS CEB-25502/32) |