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Show 28 The Grouse Creek Cultural Survey J 1 H 1 } \ n Albert F. Richins house, site 19. Richins was born in Cheltenham, England, immigrated to Utah in 1872 and to Grouse Creek in 1877, and built this house of locally quarried limestone in 1903. Architectural historians call this floorplan "double pen " or "double cell," and, like most examples of the type, this house has a rear extension. (Photograph: Roger Roper; GCCS RRB-25558-28. First floor plan: Roger Roper.) Double-pen houses are found in the South and Midwest as well as in Utah; in Grouse Creek they are generally built of log (sites 44, 53, and OGC 29), although the Albert Richins house (site 19) is a fine two-story stone example. Several three-room or triple-pen log houses identified in the survey (sites 50 and OGC 31) represent the conceptual expansion of the regular double-pen form. By far the most numerous nineteenth-century Utah house type is the hall-parlor house. The hall-parlor form is characterized by an asymmetrical two-room plan behind a symmetrical three-bay facade. Curiously, such houses are not widespread in Grouse Creek. There are a few small log and frame examples (sites 14 and 42) and one particularly fine stone example built by the English immigrant Seth Fletcher (site 28). Scarce also is the central-passage house, another typical nineteenth-century folk form found elsewhere in Mormon Utah. The Allen N. Tanner and Charles Kimber houses (sites 6 and 40) are the two best examples; both date from around 1905. None of the nineteenth-century houses show any particular evidence of polygamy. A house form built frequently during the first two decades of this century is the cross-wing (sites 38 and 44). Prominently displayed in the popular architectural literature of the nineteenth century, it is characterized by a narrow forward projecting section intersected at a right-angle by a wing in a T or L configuration. Grouse Creek also contains such houses with two projecting wings in an H shape (sites 41, 56, and 58). Other minor house types of the popular variety include the side-passage, the pyramid cottage, and the bungalow. The side-passage type has its narrow end facing the road with a small entrance passage located to one side on the front (site 23). The pyramid cottage has a more or less square plan beneath a hipped roof, and often an indented entrance on one side (sites 4, 22, 28, 33 and 45). The single-story bungalows have a longer rectangular plan and low-pitched hipped roofs (site 7). Not all the buildings in Grouse Creek are original to the area. During the 1920s the Southern Pacific Railroad closed its maintenance shop in Lucin, and a number of the abandoned houses of former workers were transported to Grouse Creek. A particularly impressive collection of railroad houses is part of the Warburton ranch (site OGC 20). Each ranch is an ensemble of buildings comprised of a ranch house and a collection of outbuildings arranged behind or along one side of the dwelling. Outbuilding types include barns, animal shelters, granaries, chicken coops, outhouses, root cellars, tack sheds, silos, wash houses, garages, and various kinds of storage buildings. The researchers found it difficult to date these structures accurately, but generally assumed that log buildings were constructed during the period before 1900. Of course, log construction- especially of outbuildings-may have continued on a small scale after the first frame structures appeared in 1905 and even after railroad ties became a common building material in the 1920s. Grouse Creek barns are almost all one-story rectangular buildings with gable roofs and a main door located on the long wall. Most are built of log. Granaries are square, |