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Show 7. Description Condition deteriorated good x fair ruins unexposed Check one unaltered "X altered Check one -2L original site moved date , .< ' ^Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance LUP Cave ___ s a large limestone cavern consisting of two chambers. The outer chamber has a large portal overlooking the salt flats.. The dimensions of the outer chamber are 45 meters long (north-south),by 10 to 15 meters wide (east-west). The majority of artifacts were excavated from the ^titer^hamber-Tizfihei^^ ____ passageway and is smaller than the outer chamber. The passageway Is filled at the present time and excavation only tested the inner portion so exact dimensions of the inner chamber are unclear. The chamber is approximately 15 meters (north-south) by 10 meters (east-west). The site was excavated in 1967-68 by" the' University of UtahVprbaucing an enormous quantity of data. The excavation^fipdjnsjs.npl; onlya clarlfie$l the pr i or research pf. Dagger Cave, bu t - def|nedf tteigertr Culture' pro3 e£ti 1 er pi>i pts aV aproximating cjilture-tiistprical; typjes. The; data,^ ^hpwed;clear transitloiri ;' ! . . ! between' Early^aftd,late. Archaic apd;betweep, l^aj;e,;Ar(t%ic,.an(j[ Frembpt jeyeli7, *\"; There was'also'a Cultural brelk seen betwe'efr tneTreinont and Numlc iihiWof^" the cave. While these findings had been hypothesised earlier, the Hogup excavations were the first solid evidence to support the hypotheses. , .. Excavation r^ve^led 16 stratfgraphic layers in the 11-14 feet of cultural deposits. These layers were interpreted as representing four sequential occupation units. Strata 1 through 8, from 6400 B.C. to 1250 B.C., constitute Unit I (Early Archaic), strata 9-11, from 1250 B.C. to 400 A.D., represent Unit II (Late Archaic), strata 12 to 14, dated from A.D 400 to 1350, represent Unit III (Fremont), and strata 15-16, dated from A.D. 1350 to 1850, constitute Unit IV (Shoshoni). Each unit is characterized by a distinctive configuration of artifact types and frequencies and by a correlated and equally distinctive pattern of frequency distributions of plant and animal species. Twenty-five percent of the. .outer, phamber and all but the five, foot tesjt trench placed in the inner chamber by" the University of Utah's excavation were left intact at the site. Unfortunatly, the site was totally vandalized in the early 1970's and all remaining cultural material was disturbed. . . Artifacts from Unit I (Early Archaic) suggest that subsistence w.as oriented around the hunting and gathering of a large variety of fauria'K-aiid floral species, but there was a clear emphasis on the harvesting of pickleweed seed. Artifacts include projectile points, blades, scrapers, milling stones, awls, cordage, basketry", netting, and an atlatl and darts. In the Late Archaic Unit IL^cupajti.pn -th^r.e \s\ a decline in small seed ^arvesln'iig-^iitl-^ir^Tnph^^^-^ir^h^iaiitirig of large-aiiimals such as the brsxnrand antelope. The artifacts reflect that shift with a marked decline in the number of milling stones and manos, the emergence of new projectile types, and the introduction of the bow and arrow. - ,, v . .^ ,; The transition from Unit II to Unit III is well marked by the appearance of a number of distinctive new artifacts and by a larger number" of Artifacts. The transition indicates a much greater intensity of site use in Unit III. New artifacts include sherds of Fremont culture pottery, Fremont,style, moccasins, a number of ceremonial or ornamental objects, new varieties of projectile points, and evidence, for the first time, of maize. ' |
