| OCR Text |
Show Figure 19 shows the dramatic difference in N O x emissions for the HiRam Oxy-LNI burner firing in conventional mode vs. LNI mode, both with 1 0 0 % of the oxidant from oxygen. 3 X O z HiRam 0 2 NOx emissions: Conventional vs. LNI firing 0.1 0.01 - 0 001 . 0.0001 . • • <> 6 MMBtu/hr firing rate A*. * .."I • 41 4 • 4 «• ,4 *- • ^^ I * A LNI firing: B LNI firing: 1 ' 1 injector, L = 3 3 injectors, L = 4 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 Temperature, F Figure 19 Ongoing work is focusing on the potential offered by the use of remotely located oxygen injectors. Experience with practical applications of the LNI technique To date there are 38 commercial installations in operation in the US and Europe with 198 burners in total. Regenerative burner fired furnaces dominate the installed base in aluminum melting and steel reheating. Two regenerative LNI aluminum melting installations will be reported here. Also covered are a conventional recuperative hot air fired steel reheat furnace where the existing burners were converted to the LNI technique, and a fiberglass melting furnace where conventional hot air burners were replaced with LNI burners. Fiberglass Furnace, Bakersfield, California The subject furnace is a 30 t/day E glass melter, 8" wide, 26' long, 40" glass line to crown, with 10 burners per side, firing directly opposed into a nominal 2800F chamber. With combustion air at an average 1040F, the burners are fed with natural gas at an individual maximum rate of 690,000 Btu/h, for a maximum input of 13.8 M M Btu/h. 14 |
