| OCR Text |
Show Particulate removal for this filter system was expected to be near absolute. In previous testing of the filter system at ABB's corporate laboratory in Baden, Switzerland, outlet emissions from the filter could not be detected using a laser light-scattering measurement system, indicating that removal efficiency exceeded 99.99994%. In the 500-hour test, two outlet particulate samples were taken, with results indicating a removal efficiency of 99.93% which is below the expected value. Upon completion of the 500-hour test, the unit was opened and the tube sheet and vessel inspected. Lack of particulate matter on the "clean-side" of the tubesheet, particularly in cracks and crevices, tends to indicate that particulate matter was not passing through the filters and that the sampling results were reflective of material that had been left in the ducts when the system was being bypassed. NOx Reduction Efficiency testing was initiated after approximately 350 hours of operation. Ammonia was injected into the system to facilitate the NOx reduction reaction. Inlet and outlet ammonia sampling was conducted to quantify ammonia injection rates and ammonia slip, while NOx inlet and outlet concentrations were determined using two ThermoElectron Model 10 NOx CEMs. Due to vendor problems that are beyond the scope of the paper, maximum injection stoichiometry was limited to 0.4 (maximum ammonia concentration in the inlet flue gas was approximately 200 ppm). Preliminary results indicate that the catalyst made efficient use of the ammonia, as shown in Figure 6. The ammonia was fully accounted for in the NOx reduction reaction, and sampling and analysis found less than 3 ppm in the outlet flue gas in all samples. Future Tests: It is unlikely that an advancement in catalyst deposition technology will be made that will achieve an initial tubesheet pressure differential of less than 8 inches w.g. within the 100 ACFM Test time frame. A second 500-hour test is presently under way to gather engineering data on the performance of a non-catalytic filter system. Catalyst development is continuing in a parallel program, with the hope of being able to achieve project goals by completion of Phase II. POCTF DESIGN AND LICENSING WITH A KALINA CYCLE Introduction: The centerpiece of the LEBS project is Phase IV which will undertake the design, construction and test operation of a proof-of-concept test facility (POCTF). These fmal-phase activities will provide the design and operating database critical to commercialization of the LEBS technologies. The current project plans are that only one of the three original LEBS teams, with their respective technologies, will be selected to implement Phase IV. The on-going Phase II and III tasks, however, include the precursor planning activities leading up to down-selection and Phase IV initiation. At present, the ABB LEBS team is developing a site-specific preliminary design for their POCTF, and has project licensing in progress. Project Description: ABB has been fortunate in obtaining a commitment for an outstanding host site for their POCTF. Richmond (Indiana) Power & Light Co. (RP&L) has offered to host the project at their Whitewater Valley station. RP&L has a history of successful involvement in technology demonstration programs, including one of the earliest low NOx burner installations, a LIMB installation, and a Clean Coal Technology project. The Whitewater Valley plant is composed of two coal-fired, non-reheat units, with nominal ratings of 33 MWe (unit 1) and 66 MWe (unit 2). Unit 1 will be modified to accept the LEBS technology package. This unit is approximately 40 years old, and incorporates a 900F/900 psig steam cycle with a steam capacity of 325,000 lb/hr. The POCTF project will involve a major restructuring of the unit, that entails the replacement of the complete power system (boiler, turbine-generator, feedwater heaters, power piping) with a new Kalina-based power system, and addition of the LEBS flue gas cleanup system. The project will use the plant infrastructure to the maximum extent practical, including coal handling, heat rejection, ash handling, powerhouse structures, and auxiliary systems. Although the project is being implemented as a test facility, RP&L intends to use the unit for long-term production service following completion of the LEBS project. This criterion, therefore, has a dominant effect on specification and design of the equipment and the facility. |
