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Show Issues and a Proposal ehind the Grouse Creek Cultural Survey lies a gradual coming together of approaches to cultural preservation that once seemed disparate. Historic preservation, archeology, and folklife have their own histories as protectors of America's cultural heritage. Although they are informed by the broad perspectives of history and anthropology, historic preservationists and archeologists have focused their activities on preserving the tangible aspects of culture-sites, buildings, structures, and artifacts. Preservation-minded folklorists, while also keeping an eye on broader matters of culture, have tended to preserve its intangible expressions-music, tales, and lore. But historic preservationists gradually broadened their scope from individual buildings to neighborhoods, communities, and districts, and began cultivating an interest in vernacular architecture; archeologists increased their attention to the historic as well as the prehistoric past; and folklorists developed a stronger network of researchers devoted to material culture. As Alan Jabbour (1982) argues in "Some Reflections on Intangible Cultural Resources," such disciplinary trends strengthened a sense of common enterprise and invited experiments in interdisciplinary collaboration. Federal protection of tangible aspects of culture began in 1906, when the Antiquities Act authorized the president to designate as national monuments "historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest" on federally owned or controlled lands. In 1935 the Historic Sites Act articulated a "national policy to preserve for public use historic sites, buildings, and objects of national significance for the inspiration of and benefit of the American people." But an active federal posture in preservation did not surface until passage of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, which recognized that "the historical and cultural foundations of the Nation should be preserved as a living part of our community life and development in order to give a sense of orientation to the American people." The National Historic Preservation Act laid the foundation for a working preservation program, the cornerstone of which was the National Register of Historic Places. "Composed of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects significant in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering and culture," the National Register was conceived with a dual identity. On the surface it serves as a list of the nation's significant prehistoric and historic properties, while at a deeper level it functions as a key element in federal preservation planning. Section 106 of the act provides that all federal activities be reviewed for their potential effect on "any district, site, building, structure, or object |