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Show I OREGON AND WASHINGTON SUPERINTENDENCY. 171 government will be a large gainer; for, if they are driven off and turned loose upon t.he Territory, it would cost more to subject tbem to control again than it would require to support them five years in their present condition. I cannot too earnestly call your attention to this p"'"". Ver"v resoectfullv". ,v"ou r obedient servant. A. HUMPHREYS, Indian Agent, Utah Territory. Hon. CHARLEES. MIX, Acting Commissioner of Indian Afairs, Washingtola, D. 0. No. 77. OPRIOES UPERINTENDEINNTD IAAFFNA IRS, Portland, Oregon, October 1, 1860. SIR: The pressure of business, connected with the inauguration of ten treaties with tribes of Indians in this superintendency, ratified in March and April, 1859, but for the fulfilling of which no appropria-tions were made till the last session of Congress, bas compelled delay in rendering my annual report beyond the prescribed period. The length of time intervening between tbe negotiation and ratifica-tion of these treaties, being a period of over four years, naturally pro-duced much dissatisfaction and distrust in the minds of the Indians. In the meantime, too, the country east of the Cascade mountains ceded by these treaties being rapidly filling up with settlers, and traversed in all directions by large parties in search of the precious metale, served especially to arouse the apprehension of the large and warlike tribes of the interior, that their country was about to be occupied by the whites without their receiving the consideration agreed upon. So intense had this feeling become that I have no doubt the peace of the country has only been preserved by the prudence and conciliatory course of the several agents, and the awe inspired by the military forces in the country. Among the tribes referred to no overt act of hostility has occurred; and I cherish the confidence that the measures already taken to carry the treaties into effect will not fail to allay the feeling of discontent, and restore relations of the most amicable character. The Indians in this superintendency do not exceed thirty-eight thou-sand souls; seven thousand in Oregon and thirty-one thousand in Washington Territory. Dividing the superintendency by the Cascade mountains, about fourteen thousand souls are found between that range and the Pacific, and twenty-four thousand in the interior. In Wash-ington Territory over twelve thousand six hundred Indians, and in Oregon over three thousand seven hundred Indians are not embraced in the existing treaties. The Indians formerly inhabiting the valleys of Willamette, Umpqua, and Rogue rivers, and the sea-coast in Oregon, do not, at present, exceed three thousand in number. Of these, all except the Tillamooks, Neha- |