OCR Text |
Show completely filled a cylindrical, closed, uncoated cardboard container, 8.9 cm (3.5 in) in diameter and 16.5 cm (6.5 in.) long, with a tare weight of 45g. The container without sorbent gave negligible low response background loadings . Real-time sampling and analysis equipment is described by Linak et al. (1987a). In addition to real time total volatile hydrocarbon (THC), CO, C02, 02, and NOx analyzers, an integrated total filter sample was obtained to provide a rapid measure of the carbonaceous loading in the puff. Linak et al . make the point that no single on-line measurement was suitable for all the surrogate wastes examined, namely, toluene, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride and No.5 fuel oil. In this paper, we will compare our predicted puff magnitudes with whatever measurements were deemed by those authors to best represent those quantities . However, in view of the difficulties in obtaining quantitative measurements of puff magnitudes, it seems reasonable to aim for qualitative predictions of trends observed rather than for absolute quantitative agreement between theory and data. 2.1 Experimental Results and Empirical Analysis of the Data In the experiment, each trial consisted of between 5 and 15 replicate charges . The total area and peak height of the time resolved traces of total hydrocarbon concentrations (THC), measured by flame ionization det~ction (FID) , were recorded and are denoted as "peak area" and "peak height" respectively. Figure 2 shows typical traces for two different liquids at similar test conditions and demonstrates the significant quantitative and qualitative variations resulting from charge composition. Even though the vapor pressures of both liquids were exceeded by three or more orders of magnitude , the duration of each puff is prolonged over times exceeding thirty seconds, which is very much more than would be the case if the liquids were injected without 7 |