Overpressures in the Uinta Basin, Utah: analysis using a three-dimensional basin evolution model

Abstract. High pore fluid pressures, approaching lithostatic, are observed in the deepest sections of the Uinta basin,Utah. Geologic observations and previous modeling studies suggest that the most likely cause of observed overpressure is hydrocarbon generation. We studied Uinta overpressure by developing and applying a three-dimensional, numerical model of the evolution of the basin. The model was developed from a public domain computer code, with addition of a new mesh generator that builds the basin through time, coupling the structural thermal, and hydrodynamic evolution. Also included in the model are in situ hydrocarbon generation and multiphase migration. The modeling study affirmed oil generation as an overpressure mechanism but also elucidated the relative roles of multiphase fluid interaction, oil density and viscosity and sedimentary compaction. An important result is that overpressures by oil generation create conditions for rock fracturing, and associated fracture permeability may regulate or control the propensity to maintain overpressures.