OCR Text |
Show Bmath sub-agemy, established nuder the operations of the treaty of October 15,1864, with the Klamath and Nodoc: tribes of 90uthern Ore-gon, and embracing h d s bordering on the Elamatb lakes, contains about 1,200,000 aores of land, mostly barren, a comparatively small por-tion of the tract being fertile, and producing only such things as the wld and dm climate will allow. The lakes. however. dord an abundanee of fish of ihe; finest quality, and a veqv'nutritiods water.plwt called "wokus." Thefue werc the ehlef aources fmm which tlre Indians hew their subsistence until bronebt in contaet with the whites. from whom they hnvc sinco learned to'depend sorriewhat upon rultiv~tirrgt he soil for wpport. The tribrs ill chargo are tho Klamath, Modoc, \Vollpahlw, and Ya11ooskirl Stlake. A11 of the first-r~nmedt r i l~areopontl le rrse'rr;r-tion, md a part only of the other.i,nnmhrringin d l : rl~oriti ftt.e~rh urldrc~l. The mai:] body of tlre Modo~s1 .emair1o ff, and ea~inobt e got on \vithout military assistonee. Some at' the Indinlrs work as farw lrauds, an11 dhow a disposition to adopt the manners and 1:iaa of tho whites. This dlrorild be made n full agency, as at pro.wnt it is prrhups of more iml~ortarice tharl nrry other irr the superintcndeney, ou nceouut of its recvlrt i~stal,. lislrmc~ria~n, d in view of tho fact that it iuelridcs the rare aud rtlnnage-lne~ rt01 ' a large number of Irldiandot' the wildest character. \Vith the exception of a part of the Modocs these tribes are peaceable. Thc sgeilt indulges in the expectatiori that through the irrtluence and exunl~lrof Wollr~illl~Srn akes the remaining bands at' Smokes iu the southeast Dart of Oreeon mav be led to settle u ~ o an r eservation. ~~ ~ ~ Besides th;, tribe; lrcre nlentioned ad being provided with reservations, there arc others within tlre bomld~of chis siiperir~tencieneys, cattered alolrr tile Colrlnrbin :rnd other r i~ersi.n the iu~mcdiatev iciuitv at' white settl;ments, who have no such prodision made for them, nofparties to any treaty, and represented to be as thoroughly degraded as they can well be. They are mtimated to number about twelve hundred. &as-ures should, it is suggested, be taken to place them upon a reservation. In addition to these are othe regarded as hostile, of the Snake or Shoshone nation, who have a w2e range, extending from Nevada and Utah to Oregon, Idaho, and Montana, where they are known by different names. They are charged with having committed many murders and depredations of late years, and seem to be beyond the reach and wntrol of the Indian Department. Under the act of Congrescl passed in 1864, it was provided that not more than four reservations should be set apart for the Indians of this State? (formerly there w r e more,) and two superintendents. There were accordingly established those known as the Round Valley, Hoopa Valley, Smith River, and 'Pule, the last two-named being in extent about thirteen hundred acres, and leased from settlers. Smith ltiver has, skce the date of the last annual report, been abandoned, and the In&ans removed to Hoopa Valley. The Indiana in this superintendency a?e reported as generally quiet, and those on reservations obedient and willing to labor for their support and improvement. are not in tmaty relation with the United States. Negotiations were entered into with many of the tribes in 1851, by wmmissioners authorized for the parpose, but the treaties then effected were never confirmed, the Senate rejecting them on the ground that the United States, acquiring posses- %ion of the territory from Mexico succeeded to its rights in the soil, and, as that government regardeditself as the absolute and unqualified owner |