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Show Provinces of Alberta, British Columbia and N e w Brunswick have been the most proactive in developing industrial emissions measurement policies. Environment Canada annually sponsors several technical courses and workshops on continuous and alternate measurement methods, and the department is studying the use of predictive measurement methods and their use in process control systems at some industrial host sites. BOVAR Environmental (Ref. 3) has recently surveyed provincial governments and industry associations to assess the extent of industrial emissions monitoring, reporting and enforcement. It contains provincial estimates of the percentage of these emissions actually measured (continuously or otherwise), versus those which are merely estimated using emission factors or process parameters. The following are some general conclusions: There is a significant amount of continuous S02 measurement in the industrial sector in Alberta, as well as in major smelters in Eastern Canada. However, for purposes of annual reporting, most industries and provinces believe that mass balance calculations provide a comparably effective (sometimes equivalent) method of emissions determination. As yet there is very little CEM or PEM activity for NOx measurement, and provincial policies in this regard vary widely. However, at some point in time provinces should be implementing the new emission guidelines for a variety of industrial sources. These new national emission guidelines being finalized for industrial sources will require annual compliance tests, predictive monitoring or continuous verification. Process controls integrated with C E M , or demonstrated predictive monitoring systems, could be required for n e w or existing sources, depending upon specific circumstances. Provincial governments have exclusive regulatory jurisdiction in Canada for emissions measurement. Federal involvement is only in developing guidelines on source emission limits and measurement methods. Future emissions trading policies would tend to increase continuous measurement implementation. In the absence of widespread C E M application, P E M systems can provide adequate results in many medium sized sources. Predictive Emissions Measurement and Industrial Process Optimization The need for cost-effective pollution prevention, and the emergence of the climate change issue, have created a driver for this type of integrated system. Many of our new emission guidelines give credit to energy efficiency, so that N O x or S 0 2 limits could be relaxed somewhat if plants demonstrate increased energy efficiency. This is inherent in the output-based limits for gas turbines, reciprocating engines and cement kilns, while boilers and heaters will have a calculated efficiency credit. The process control aspect of P E M systems can be used to allow a certain level of emission reductions during day-to-day operation. Additionally, many industries have found that the best way to improve environmental |