On the Origin of Species By Means of Natural Selection...

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426 INDEX. Birds of Madeira, Bermuda, and Gala-pagoA, 340. song of males, 84. transporting seeds, 315. waders, 337. wingless, 123, 163. with traces of embryonic teeth, 391, Bizcacha, 305. affinities of, 373. Bladder for swimming in fish, 170. Blindness of cave animals, 126. Blyth, Mr., on distinctness of Indian cat­tle, 23. on striped Hcmionus, 147. on crossed geese, 224. Boar, shoulder-pad of, 84. Borrow, Mr., on the Spanish pointer, 38. Bory St. Vincent on Batrach1ans, 342. Bosquet, M., on fossil Ohthamalus, 266. Boulders, erratic, on the Azores, 316. Branchioo, 170. Brent, Mr., on house-tumblers, 191. on hawks killing pigeons, 315. Brewer, Dr., on American cuckoo, 193, Britain, mammals of, 344. Bronn on duration of specific forms, 257. Brown, Robert, on classification, 361. Buckman on variation in plants, 17. Buzareingues on sterility of varieties, 238. Cabbage, varieties of, crossed, 93. Oalceolaria 222. Oanary-birds1 sterility of hybrids, 223. Cape de Verae islands 347. Cape of Good Hope, plants ofk102, 326, Carrier-pigeons killed by haw s, 315. Oassini on flowers of compositoo, 131. Oatasetum, 369. Oats, with blue eyes, deaf, 18. variation in habits of, 86. curling tail when going to spring,179. Cattle destroying fir-trees, 69. destroyed by flies in La Plata, 70. breeds of, locally extinct, 103. • fertility of Indian and European breeds, 225. Cave, inhabitants of, blind, 125. Centres of creation, 307. Cephalopodoo, development of, 384. Cervulus, 224. Cetacea, teeth and hair, 131. Ceylon, plants of, 326. Chalk formation, 282. Characters, divergence of, 103. sexual, variable 141. adaptive or analogical, 371. Charlock, 74. Checks to increase, 66. mutual, 69. Chickens! instinctive tameness of, 192. Chthama inoo, 253. Chthamalus, cretacean species of, 266. Circumstances favourable to selection of domestic products, 42. to natural selection, 95. Classification, 360. Clift, Mr., on the succession of types, 295. Climate1 effects of, in checking increase of oeings, 67. adaptation of, to organisms, 127. Cobites, intestine of, 170. Cockroach, 74. Collections, palooontological, poor, 252. Colour, influenced by climate, 121. in relation to attacks by fli es, 177. Columbalivia, parent of domestic pigeons, 27. Oolymbetes, 336. Compensation of growth, 134. Oompositoo, outer and inner florets of, 131. male flowers of, 392. Conclusion, general, 416. Conditions1 slight changes in, favourable to tertility, 235. Coot 166. Coral-islands, seeds drifted to, 315. reefs, indicating movements of earth, 270. Corn-m·ake, 166. Correlation of growth in domestic produc­tions, 18. ofgrowth, 130, 177. Cowslip, 51. Creation, single centres of, 307. Crinum, 221. Crosses, reciprocal, 228. Crossing of domestic animals, importance in altering breeds, 25. advantages of, 91. unfavourable to selection, 96. Crustacea of New Zealand, 327. Crustacean, blind, 125. Cryptocerus, 211. Ctenomys, blind, 125. C~ckoo, instinct of, 193, Currants, grafts of, 231. Currents of sea, rate of, 313. Cuvier on conditions of existence, 184. on fossil monkeys, 265. Fred,, on instinct, 186. Dana, Prof., on blind cave-animals 1 126. on relations of crustaceans ot Japan, 324. on crustaceans of New Zealand, 327. De Candolle on struggle for existence, 61. on umbelliferoo, 132. on general affinities, 374. Alph, on low plants, widely dis­persed, 353. on widely-ranging plants being va· riable, 54. on naturalisation, 107. on winged seeds, 133. on Alpine species suddenly becom. ing rare, 157. on distribution of plants with largo seeds, 314. on vegetation of Australia, 330. Cirripedes capable of crossing, 95. on fresh-water plants, 336. carapace aborted, 134. their ovigerous frena, 172. fossil, 266. on insular plants, 339. Degradation of coast rocks, 248. Denudation, rate of, 250. larvae of, 883. of oldest rocks, 269. Development of ancient forms, 293. INDEX. 427 Devonian system, 292. Dianthus, fertility of crosses, 226. Dirt on feet of birds, 316. Dispersal, means of, 311. during glacial period, 318. Distribution, geographical, 302. means of, 311. Disuse, efl'ecta of, under nature, 122. Divergence of character, 103. Division, physiological, of labour, 107. Dogs, hairless, with imperfect t eeth, 18. descended from several wild stocks, 23. domestic instincts of, 100. inherited civilization ofh192. fertility of breeds toget er, 224. of crosses, 236. proportions of, when young, 386. Domestication, variation under, 14. Downing, Mr., on fruit-trees in America,81. Downs, North and South, 250. Dragon-flies, intestines of, 170. Drift-timber, 314. Driver-ant, 213. Drones killed by other bees, 180. Duck, domestic, wings of, reduced, 17. logger-b eaded, 163. Duckweed 336. Dugong, affinities of, 360. Dung-beetles with deficient tarsi, 124. Dyticus, 336. Earl, Mr. W., on the Malay Archipelago, 344. Ears, drooping, in domestic animals, 17. Rudimentary, 394. Earth, seeds in roots of trees, 314. Eciton, 211. Economy of organisation, 134. Edentata, teeth and hair, 131. fossil species of, 296. Edwards, Milne, on physiological divisions of labour, 107. on gradations of structure, 173. on embryological characters, 364. Eggs, young birds escaping from, 83. Electric organs, 172. . Elephant, rate of increase, 63. of glacial period, 128. Embryology, 381. Existence1 struggle for, 60. conaitions of, 184. Extinction, 277. as bearing on natural selection, 102. of domestic varieties, 103. Eye, structure of 167. correction for aberration, 180. Eyes reduced in moles, 125. Fabre, M. on parasitic sphex, 195. ]'alconer, Dr.t on naturalisation of plants in Inaia, 64. on fossil crocodile, 274. on elephants and mastodons, 292. Falkland Island, wolf of, 343. Faults, 250. Faunas, marine, 304. Fear, instinctive, in birds, 189. Feet of birds, young molluscs adhering to, 336. Fertility of hybrids, 221. from slight changes in conditione, 235. of crossed varieties, 236. Fir-trees destroyed by cattle, 69. pollen of, 181. Fish, flying, 163. tclcostean, sudden appearance of, 267. eating seeds, 337. fre sh-water, distribution of, 335. Fishes, ganoid, now confined to fresh water, 100. electric organs of, 172. ganoidt living in fresh water, 281. of soutnern hemisphere, 327. Flight, powers of, bow acquired, 163. Flowers1 structure of, in relation to cross­Ing, 91. of compositoo and umbellifcroo, 131. Forbes, E., on colours of shells, 121. on abrupt range of shells in depth: 157. on poorness of palooontological col­lections, 252. on continuous succession of genera, 276. on continental extensions, 311. on distribution during glacial period, 319. on parallelism in time and space,356. Forests, changes in, in America, 72. Formation, Devonian, 292. Formations, thickness of, in Britain, 249. intermittent, 254. Formica rufescens, 195. sanguinea, 195. flava, neuter of, 212. Frena, ovigerous, of cirripedes, 172. Fresh-water productions, dispersal of, 334. Fries on species in large genera being closely allied to other species, 57. Frigate-bird, 166. Frogs on islands, 342. Fruit-trees, gradual improvement of, 40. in United States 81 . varieties of, acclimatised in United States, 129. Fuci, crossed, 228. Fur, thicker in cold climates, 132. Furze, 382. Galapagos .Archipelago, birds of, 340. productions of, 347, 348. Galeopithecus, 162. . Game, increase of, checked by vermm, 67. Gartner on sterility of hybrids, 219, 225. on reciprocal crosses, 228. on crossed maize and verbascum, 238. on comparison of hybrids and mon grels, 240. Geese, fertility when crossed, 224. upland, 166. . . . Genealogy important m class1ficatwn, 370. Geoffroy St. Hilaire on balancement, 133. on homologous organs, 378. Isidore, on variability of repeated parts, 135. on correlation in monstrosities, 18.