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276 Maloney, Thomas N.Review: Race, liberalism, and economicsChoose any two of these three topics: race, liberalism, and economics. Now trace the connections between the two that you have chosen over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, incorporating both fundamental philosophical concepts and policy implications. Doing this could easily prod...Racism; Classical liberalism; Paternalism2005
277 Fogel, Alan DaleHuman development in the twenty-first century: visionary ideas from systems scientistsThe dynamic systems approach is an emerging interdisciplinary set of principles used by a diverse collection of scientists to help understand the complex world in which we live. The main insight that unites these scientists, despite wide differences in methods and concepts, is a focus on connection...2008
278 Wolfinger, Nicholas H.Trends in the intergenerational transmission of divorceNumerous researchers have shown that the children of divorce are disproportionately likely to end their own marriages (e.g., Amato 1996; Amato and Booth 1991; Bumpass, Martin, and Sweet 1991; Glenn and Kramer 1987; Kulka and Weingarten 1979; McLanahan and Bumpass 1988; Mueller and Pope 1977; Pope a...1999
279 Francis, LeslieJustice through trust: disability and the Outlier problem in Social Contract TheoryThe article focuses on the flaws of the social contract theory. It explores how hostile the social contract as a bargaining process has been thought to distance disabled people from contract-based justice. It analyzes the argument that the history of social contract theory exclude the people with di...Consensus, social sciences; Discrimination; Social contract; Social ethics; Sociology of disability2005-10
280 Kowaleski-Jones, Lori; Fan, Jessie Xiaojing; Brown, Barbara B.; Smith, Ken R.; Zick, Cathleen D.Patterns of household food expenditures: a cluster analysisIn this study we use the Diary Survey component of the 2001 and 2002 Consumer Expenditure Survey to investigate patterns of household food expenditures. We identify eight constellations of food expenditures that are more and less likely to be associated with healthy eating habits. These clusters in...Diet; Fast food; Nutrition; Eating habits2007
281 Yu, ZhouHomeownership determinants for Chinese Americans: assimilation, ethnic concentration, and nativityChinese homeownership rates in the Los Angeles CMSA adjusted by socioeconomic and housing market characteristics are on average 18 percentage points higher than those of native white households Painter et al. (2003). This finding runs contrary to most of immigration literature, which suggests that i...Chinese Americans; homeownership2004
282 Tribby, Calvin PierceDo air quality alerts reduce traffic? An analysis of traffic data from the Salt Lake City metropolitan areaThis research explores the unintended behavioral consequences on traffic volumes of the Air Quality Alert notification system in Salt Lake and Davis Counties, Utah.Air Quality; Traffic; Salt Lake; Davis; Ozone; PM 2.52013
283 Malloy, Thomas E.; Jensen, Gary C.Mapping Gregory Bateson's epistemology to nonlinear dynamic systems theory: dynamic form and hierarchies of knowledgeGregory Bateson construes mental process as the flow and transform of differences in a system whether the system be a single human or a complex ecology. Stuart Kauffman uses NK Boolean systems to model the self-organization of order in biological evolution. Because the Boolean base (0, 1) maps to Ba...Network; Complex; Psychology; Mind; Nature2006-10-23
284 McDaniel, SusanReconceptualizing the nuptiality/fertility relationship in Canada in a new ageFirst comes love; then comes marriage; along comes Joanie with a baby carriage. This straightforward temporal sequence so long taken for granted in North America may no longer be valid. With marriage rates declining, birth rates at an historic low, births occurring outside legal marriage, and dramat...Marriage; Family; Feminist1989
285 McDaniel, SusanSingle parenthood: policy apartheid in CanadaPolicy discussions regarding single parents often move to income maintenance issues. While the risk of poverty for single mothers with dependent children is high, attention devoted largely to the policy challenges of income maintenance for single mothers may have two unfortunate consequences. Firs...Single mothers; Social policy; Canada1993
286 Jameson, Kenneth P.Institutions and development: what a difference geography and time makeHa-Joon Chang, in his article ?Institutions and Economic Development: Theory, Policy, and History?, provides a description and critique of the mainstream view of institutions and development. It applies well to Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s. However, the effort to introduce these Anglo-Americ...2011
287 Macfarlan, ShaneMale Survival Advantage on the Baja California PeninsulaA consistent finding from contemporary Western societies is that women outlive men. However, what is unclear is whether sex differences in survival are constant across varying socio-ecological conditions. We test the universality of the female survival advantage with mortality data from a nineteenth...ecology; health and disease and epidemiology; behaviour2020
288 McDaniel, SusanNew stork rising? Women's roles and reproductive changesAnyone who has not been living in a remote cave will know that reproduction in the past decade has been changing rather dramatically. These changes have occurred on several fronts. Writing as a sociologist, I shall emphasize the social aspects of these changes, looking first at some of the changes ...In vitro; Birth rate; Artificial insemination1989
289 Francis, John G.Resourceful responses: the adaptive research university and the drive to marketA major challenge for contemporary public research universities is the need to affirm to the public and to the political community that the quality of higher education found at these largely autonomous institutions is of such import that it should be sustained by both public and private support. Thi...State Universities; Higher Education; Public institutions1999
290 Fogel, Alan DaleNoninnatist alternatives to the negative evidence hypothesisIn this commentary we consider three issues. First, we suggest that Crain's definition of innateness is not biologically plausible. Second, we show how the criteria he uses as hallmarks of innateness can have alternative explanations. Finally, we reinterpret his research findings on grounds that do ...1992
291 Jameson, Kenneth P.Dollarization in Latin America: wave of the future or flight to the past?Ecuador undertook official dollarization in 2000 when it destroyed its own currency, the sucre, and adopted the dollar. El Salvador converted all financial instruments to dollars, and Guatemala now allows transactions to be carried out in any currency. Both assumed that the dollar would soon displac...Domestic currencies; Latin America; Dollarization2003
292 Brown, Barbara B.Post-occupancy evaluation of wayfinding in a pediatric hospital: research findings and implications for instructionA post-occupancy evaluation (POE) of way finding in a new pediatric hospital pointed to a wide range of areas where wayfinding aids could be improved. After initial walk-through evaluation tours and meetings with administrators, five more systematic methods were used to assess problems: staff and vi...Hospitals; Wayfinding; Signage1997
293 Waitzman, Norman J.For cost-reducing technologies, knowing markets is to change themSponsored research from a NSF Foundation/Whitaker Foundation initiative on cost-reducing technologies brought together faculty from engineering, medicine, and social sciences to link economic and policy assessments to engineering design. The technology under development is to be an inexpensive, e...Cost-reducing technologies; PKU monitors2003
294 Cashdan, Elizabeth A.Waist-to-hip ratio across cultures: trade-offs between androgen- and estrogen-dependent traitsA gynoid pattern of fat distribution, with small waist and large hips (low waist-to-hip ratio, or WHR) holds significant fitness benefits for women: women with a low WHR of about 0.7 are more fecund, are less prone to chronic disease, and (in most cultures) are considered more attractive. Why, then...Fat distribution; Gynoid pattern; Body types; Waist-to-hip ratio; WHR2008
295 Werner, Carol M.; Brown, Barbara B.Using accelerometer feedback to identify walking destinations, activity overestimates, and stealth exercise in obese and nonobese individualsAccelerometer output feedback might enable assessment of recall biases for moderate bouts by obese and nonobese individuals; accelerometry might also help residents recall destinations for moderate-intensity walking bouts. Methods: Adult residents' 1-week accelerometer-measured physical activity and...Physical activity assessment; METs; Community-based research; Obese2008
296 Zimmer, ZacharyTrends and transitions in children's coresidence with older adults in the Beijing municipalityThis paper examines a) whether rates of coresidence between older adults and their adult children in the Beijing municipality of China have been declining, and b) the determinants of coresidence and coresidence transitions. The reduction in family size in China and concurrent social and economic cha...Coresidence; Beijing Municipality; Old-age support2004
297 Hartmann, Donald P.Changing criterion designThis article describes and illustrates with two case studies a relatively novel form of the multiple-baseline design called the changing criterion design. It also presents the design's formal requirements, and suggests target behaviors and circumstances for which the design might be useful.Multiple baseline; Changing criterion design; Methodology; Shaping; Experimental control1976
298 Hawkes, Kristen; O'Connell, James F.Global process and local ecology: how should we explain differences between the Hadza and the !Kung?In this chapter we discuss explanations for the diversity of behavior of contemporary forager populations. Other contributors document variation among southern African savanna Bushman groups, and central African forest Pygmies. We confine ourselves to trying to explain some differences between two ...1996
299 Wiessner, Pauline W.On emergency decisions, egalitarianism, and group selectionBoehm (CA 37:763-93) puts forward an important thesis-that with the evolution of egalitarian societies, privileged routes to reproductive advantage are blocked and the power of individua selection severely compromised. With competition so constrained, altruistic behavior can more readily spread i...Boehm's mode; Evolution of altruistic behavior1998-06
300 Diamond, LisaContributions of psychophysiology to research on adult attachment: review and recommendationsDespite the increasing use of psychophysiological measures to investigate social and interpersonal phenomena, few studies of adult romantic attachment have taken advantage of this approach. In this article I argue for a biologically-specific, theory-based integration of psychophysiological measures ...Attachment; Emotions; Physiology2001-10-08
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