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IdentifierTitleDescriptionSubject
176 Figure-08Pupillogram of a Healthy Young SubjectPupillogram of a healthy young subject showing continuous pupillary oscillations of both pupils when light is sustained, indicated by the dark arrow at the top of the recording. Note that the oscillations of the pupils are synchronous and demonstrate variable amplitude and frequency. This pattern of...Reflex, Pupillary; Pupillogram; Parasympathetic Pupil; Normal Pupillary Responses
177 RAPD_presentRAPD PresentThis clip demonstrates the technique used to determine that Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) is present in a patient.Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD); Examination, Pupillary; Afferent Pupillary Defect
178 2-8Rebound NystagmusExample of a patient with rebound nystagmus, where the oscillations alternate direction as the patient shifts gaze in different directions. Discussion of relationship to disease and disorders of the cerebellum, including degenerations of the cerebellum, infarction, and demyelination.Rebound Nystagmus; Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus
179 Figure-07Relationship Between Age and Pupil SizeRelationship between age and pupil size, determined using an infrared flash photograph technique with subjects placed in darkness for 3 minutes. The numbers above the abscissa indicate the number of subjects tested in each age range. (Reprinted with permission of Loewenfeld IE: "Simple, central" ani...Physiology, Pupil; Management of a Large or a Small Pupil; Normal Pupillary Responses; Pupil Size with Age
180 Retinal_Fluorescein_Angiography.pptRetinal Fluorescein AngiographyThis slide set provides a brief description of Retinal Fluorescein Angiography. First introduced in 1960, sodium fluorescein, a dye, is administered through an angiocatheter (3-5cc) by a nurse or technician. The dye reaches the central retinal artery after passing through the heart and lungs.Retinal Fluorescein Angiography
181 Retinitis pigmentosa disease of rods.pdfRetinitis Pigmentosa Disease of RodsDiscussion of retinitis pigmentosa which is a retinal/choroidal degeneration caused by various genetic defects.Retinitis Pigmentosa; Rods
182 Retino-choroidal Vessels or Optociliary veins or ciliary shunt.pdfRetino-choroidal Vessels or Optociliary Veins or Ciliary ShuntOverview of retino-choroidal collaterals, which are potential telangiectatic connections between the retina and choroidal circulation. Although sometimes called "shunts", these collaterals are between the retinal venous circulation and the choroidal venous circulation.Retino-choroidal Vessels; Optociliary Veins ; Ciliary Shunt
183 NOVEL_Moran_3a-17Retraction NystagmusPatient with retraction nystagmus (no audio)Retraction Nystagmus
184 Figure-22Right-sided Pseudo-Horner's SyndromeRight-sided pseudo-Horner's syndrome in an 8-month-old infant referred because her mother had noted a larger pupil on the left for a few months and her pediatrician thought the right upper lid was droopy. Both pupils reacted normally to light and darkness, the degree of anisocoria was similar in bot...Infant; Diagnosis, Horner Syndrome; Etiology, Horner Syndrome; Horner's Syndrome
185 Figure-09Right-sided Relative Afferent Pupillary DefectRight-sided relative afferent pupillary defect in a man with optic nerve glioma. When the unaffected left eye is stimulated by light, both pupils constrict (top). When the light is then swung over to the affected right eye, both pupils dilate (bottom). This indicates that pupillomotor conduction thr...Pupil Disorders; Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect; RAPD; Afferent Pupillary Defect
186 NOVEL_Moran_3a-36Rotary DownbeatPatient with rotary downbeat nystagmus (no audio)Rotary Downbeat Nystagmus
187 2-13Rotary NystagmusExample of a patient with rotary nystagmus, showing occasional counterclockwise rotary movements of both eyes. Seen more in intrinsic disorders of the brainstem.Rotary (Torsional) Nystagmus
188 1-3Sector Palsies and Light-Near DissociationExample of patient with bilateral Adie's pupils. Exam is performed with a slit-lamp. Shows iris stroma and focal segments of iris sphincter that retain their contractilty. Suggests post-ganglionic parasympathetic denervation.Sector Palsies; Light-Near Dissociation; Bilateral Adie's Pupil; Adie's Tonic Pupil
189 2-4See-saw NystagmusExample of a patient with see-saw nystagmus, showing how one eye elevates as the other depresses, with the elevating eye intorting as the depressing eye extorts. Shows vertical oscillations with pendular waveforms. Suggests a large structural lesion in the pericellar region (associated with bi-tempo...See-saw Nystagmus
190 Katz_seesawSee-saw Nystagmus7-year-old female whose mother noticed her eyes "bouncing" for 2 months. Visual acuity 20/70 OD and 20/40 OS, reduced color vision OU, and no afferent pupillary defect. See-saw nystagmus documented with videography. Manual perimetry revealed a complete right homonymous hemianopia. MRI revealed a lar...See-saw Nystagmus
191 CorT1_with_11.jpgSee-saw Nystagmus MRI 1MRI; See-saw NystagmusSee-saw Nystagmus
192 SagT1_with_11.jpgSee-saw Nystagmus MRI 2MRI; See-saw NystagmusSee-saw Nystagmus
193 Shaken Baby SyndromeShaken Baby SyndromeOcular Manifestations of Child Abuse
194 shunt vessel meningiomaShunt Vessel MeningiomaRETINO-CHOROIDAL (OPTO-CILIARY) COLLATERAL VESSELS: (also known as Retinal-choroidal venous collaterals, opticociliary veins or ciliary shunt vessels) Retino-choroidal collaterals are potential telangiectatic connections between the retina and choroidal circulation. Although sometimes called "shunts...Shunt Vessels (Meningioma)
195 shunt vessel meningioma MRIShunt Vessel Meningioma - MRIMeningiomas block venous egress and open potential venous channels known as retinochoroidal (optociliary) collateral vein. This meningioma extends from the back of the globe through the optic canal.Shunt Vessels (Meningioma)
196 SEAY_Silent_Sinus_SyndromeSilent Sinus SyndromeSilent sinus syndrome (SSS) is characterized by spontaneous and progressive unilateral enophthalmos.Silent Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
197 1-13Spasm of the Near ReflexExample of patient with spasm of the near reflex and voluntary nystagmus. Discussion of similar-looking conditions (e.g. six nerve palsy, limitation of abduction, lateral rectus muscle problems) and how to tell them apart from spasm of the near reflex by observing the myosis evoked by the near respo...Spasm of the Near Reflex; Spasm of the Near Triad; Voluntary Nystagmus
198 2-3Spasmus NutansExample of patient with spasmus nutans. Discussion of characteristics of this disorder, such as dissociated or monocular nystagmus, abnormal head position, and to-and-fro head oscillation. Sometimes an eccentric gaze is seen as well (as in patient). Patient has a monocular horizontal nystagmus in th...Spasmus Nutans
199 NOVEL_Moran_3a-27Spasmus NutansExample of patient with spasmus nutans.Spasmus Nutans
200 Spiral_and_Stellate_Visual_Fields_Non-physiologic_VariantsSpiral and Stellate Visual Fields Non-physiologic VariantsDescription of testing the spiral and stellate visual fields.Spiral; Stellate; Visual Fields
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