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IdentifierTitleDescriptionSubject
126 neuro-exam_introIntroduction to the Basic Neurologic ExamIntroduction to the neurological examinations section of NExT.Neurology; Examinations
127 2-2Latent NystagmusExample of a patient with latent nystagmus. Demonstrates a lack of oscillations in forward gaze, followed by the occlusion of each eye, showing how this generates a jerking oscillation in the non-occluded eye away from the occluded eye.Latent Nystagmus; Fusional Maldevelopment Nystagmus Syndrome
128 Leber's Hereditary Optic NeuropathyLeber's Hereditary Optic NeuropathyImages and visual fields from a boy with acute visual loss.Leber's Optic Neuropathy
129 Figure-21Left-sided Dilation Lag in a Man with Horner's SyndromeLeft-sided dilation lag in a 29-year-old man with Horner's syndrome caused by a posterior mediastinal ganglioneuroma. Note that the degree of anisocoria is greater after 5 seconds in darkness (top) compared with findings after 15 seconds in darkness (bottom).Diagnosis, Horner Syndrome; Physiopathology, Horner Syndrome; Reflex, Pupillary; Dilation Lag; Horner's Syndrome
130 Figure-20Left-sided Horner's Syndrome with an Acquired Preganglionic LocalizationLeft-sided Horner's syndrome in a 12-year-old girl with an acquired preganglionic localization based on clinical and pharmacologic testing. The cause remained undetermined after extensive radiologic investigations. Left-sided ptosis and miosis are evident in room light (top), and the degree of aniso...Etiology, Horner Syndrome; Female; Child; Drug Effects, Pupil; Horner Syndrome; Effects of Drugs on the Pupils
131 Figure-24Left-sided Internal Carotid Artery DissectionLeft-sided internal carotid artery dissection identified on T-1 weighted magnetic resonance image from a 52-year-old man who suddenly developed left-sided neck and orbital pain along with a droopy left upper eyelid while dragging a deer out of the woods during hunting season. The normal dark flow vo...Diagnosis, Carotid Artery Diseases; Radiography, Carotid Artery Diseases; Carotid Artery, Internal; Diagnosis, Cerebral Arterial Diseases; Radiography, Cerebral Arterial Diseases; Dissection; Middle Older People; Male; Adult; Cervical Artery Dissection; Carotid Dissection
132 1-26Levator DisinsertionExample of patient with levator disinsertion, a lid disorder. Patient is pregnant and wears poorly fitting contacts. Discussion of characteristics, such as lid ptosis (shown in the left eye of patient), but with full levator function.Levator Disinsertion; Levator Dehiscence
133 Figure-13Light-near DissociationLight-near dissociation in a 51-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis who experienced double vision for 1 week. Her pupils are 5 mm in diameter in room light (top), react poorly in response to direct light reaction (middle), but constrict promptly in response to near stimulation (bottom). She also ...Nystagmus, Etiology, Pathologic; Nystagmus, Physiopathology, Pathologic; Reflex, Pupillary
134 1-3_5Light-near DissociationExample of patient with Argyll Robertson pupil with neurosyphilis. Shows a lack of pupillary response to light and some pupillary response to nearness of finger.Light-Near Dissociation; Argyll-Robertson Pupil
135 Figure-03Location of Pupillomotor FibersLocation of pupillomotor fibers are depicted as dark regions on cross-sections of the right (R) and left (L) oculomotor nerve at various locations along its course, including its emergence from the brain stem in the interpeduncular fossa (1), the midsubarachnoid segment (2), the level of the dorsum ...Autonomic Anatomy; Pupillomotor Fibers
136 Macula.pdfMaculaOverview of the structure and viewing of the macula.Macula; Retina
137 NOVEL_Moran_2-31Marcus Gunn Jaw WinkingExample of patient with Marcus Jaw Winking. Patient is led through instructions for movement of jaw (open, close, back and forth), with eyelid seen to be affected. Patient is then led through instructions for direction of gaze and pursuit.Marcus Gunn Jaw Winking
138 visual_acuityMeasuring Visual AcuityDemonstration on self of visual acuity exam, using a standard card.Visual Acuity; Examination, Ocular
139 MELAS and RP.pdfMELAS and RPMELAS; Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis, Stroke and Pigmentary Changes in retina-associated with a retinal dystrophy. This 53 year old man had seizures, encephalopathy and lactic acidosis typical of MELAS. His fundus examination showed granularity and some slight pigmentary changes ...Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis; MELAS Syndrome
140 Migraine_cluster_pathophysiology_treatmentMigraine and Cluster Pathophysiology and TreatmentVideo lecture covering pathophysiology and treatment of migraine and cluster headaches by Kathleen Digre, MD.Migraine, Cluster Headache
141 Mimics of AtrophyMimics of AtrophyPseudo Atrophy
142 2-9Monocular Pendular NystagmusExample of a patient with monocular pendular nystagmus, with discussion of situations in which this condition is seen: acquired disorder of the visual-sensory pathway, and acquired disorder of the brain stem (e.g. multiple sclerosis).Monocular Pendular Nystagmus; Sensory Nystagmus; Pendular Nystagmus; Acquired Pendular Nystagmus
143 Webvision-mfERG-CreelThe Multifocal Electroretinogram: Clinical ApplicationsThe most important development in ERGs is the multifocal ERG (mfERG). Erich Sutter adapted the mathematical sequences called binary m-sequences creating a program that can extract hundreds of focal ERGs from a single electrical signal. This system allows assessment of ERG activity in small areas of ...Multifocal Electroretinogram
144 mfERG_MoranMultifocal ElectroretinogramsThe most important development in ERGs is the multifocal ERG (mfERG). Erich Sutter adapted the mathematical sequences called binary m-sequences creating a program that can extract hundreds of focal ERGs from a single electrical signal. This system allows assessment of ERG activity in small areas of ...Multifocal Electroretinogram
145 Near_Reflex_and_AccomodationNear Reflex and AccomodationDescription of testing the near reflex and accomodation.Near Reflex; Accomodation
146 Normal_eye_movements.wmvNormal Eye MovementsThis is an examination of a person with normal eye movements. Notice the patient has normal excursions. He has normal pursuit and saccades (horizontally and vertically).Normal Eye Movements; Testing Extraocular Muscles
147 RAPD_Not_PresentNormal Light Reflex without RAPDThis clip demonstrates the examination of the Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD.) Demonstration of gauging the size of the pupil in light, testing light reflexes, swinging flashlight test for optic nerve abnormality.Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD); Examination, Pupillary; Swinging Flashlight Test
148 Normal optic disc.pdfNormal Optic DiscOverview of the structure and function of the normal optic disc.Normal Optic Disc Anatomy
149 Figure-06The Normal Pupillary Light ReflexThe normal pupillary light reflex is initiated following exposure to light. After a brief latency, both the right (solid line) and left (broken line) pupil constrict, then undergo a small amount of redilation (escape), followed by oscillations (hippus) if the light is sustained. Hippus is not a path...Reflex, Pupillary; Examination, Pupillary
150 glaucoma notchingNotching of the Neuro-retinal RimThe neuro-retinal rim becomes thinner; in particular the rim superotemporally and inferortemporally may develop a notch which is usually superior or inferior and rarely nasal or temporal. These notches are believed to be due to focal ischemic damage to the neuro-retinal rim. Glaucoma with Notching a...Glaucoma
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