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Title | Description | Type |
101 |
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Organic Convergence Spasm and Nystagmus in Posterior Fossa Lymphoma | This is a 20-year-old woman, who 9 months prior to this video, first experienced episodes of vertigo and vomiting occurring when lying down or rolling over in bed. Gastrointestinal work-up was unrevealing and MRI was performed which demonstrated "multifocal nodular enhancing lesions along the ependy... | Image/MovingImage |
102 |
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Palato-ocular Synchrony in Oculopalatal Tremor | This is a patient with OPT due to a pontine hemorrhage, and although she did have torsional pendular nystagmus, it was very subtle. However, with eyelid closure, much larger vertical ocular oscillations could be seen, which were in fact synchronous with her palatal tremor. This finding, sometimes ... | Image/MovingImage |
103 |
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Paraflocculus (Tonsillar) Ocular Motor Syndrome and Dysmetria in a Chiari Malformation - Pre and Post-Operative Exams | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 25-year-old woman presenting with 6 months or progressive imbalance, binocular vertical diplopia, and occipital headaches, which were brought on or aggravated by coughing or sneezing. Examination demonstrated hy... | Image/MovingImage |
104 |
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Penlight Cover Test (Partial Removal of Fixation) | Penlight cover test (partial removal of fixation): during in-person clinical encounters, the maneuvers below are best tested with complete (or near complete) removal of fixation (e.g., Frenzel or video Frenzel goggles). Removal of fixation is more challenging during virtual evaluations but can be ap... | Image/MovingImage |
105 |
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Periodic Alternating Nystagmus and Central Head-Shaking Nystagmus from Nodulus Injury | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 35-year-old man who suffered a gunshot wound to his cerebellum. When he regained consciousness days later, he experienced oscillopsia due to periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN). He was started on baclofen 10 mg... | Image/MovingImage |
106 |
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Periodic Alternating Nystagmus Due to a Chiari Malformation | This patient first experienced oscillopsia 12 months prior to this video. Three months after the onset of symptoms, she was seen by neuro-ophthalmology and found to have a spontaneous, unidirectional left-beating nystagmus (that did not reverse) in addition to saccadic smooth pursuit. Oscillopsia wo... | Image/MovingImage |
107 |
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Physiologic End Point Nystagmus | This is a normal subject with end point nystagmus in lateral gaze. Features that favor physiologic (normal) end point nystagmus (EPN) rather than pathologic gaze-evoked nystagmus include: only present in far lateral gaze (at close to 100% of the normal range of ocular movements); resolves when the v... | Image/MovingImage |
108 |
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Pinched Nose Valsalva | Valsalva (closed glottis or pinched nose): instruct the patient to take a deep breath and ‘bear down' (closed glottis) or take a deep breath and ‘try to pop their ears' (pinched nose). Assess for nystagmus. In superior canal dehiscence, pressure changes may be transmitted to the superior canal, ... | Image/MovingImage |
109 |
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Positional Nystagmus During an Attack of Vestibular Migraine | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: A 50-year-old woman presented to clinic after experiencing multiple episodes of hours-long vertigo attacks that were associated with headache, photophobia and phonophobia. She had a history of motion sickness and migraine... | Image/MovingImage |
110 |
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PSP with Complete Ophthalmoplegia and Inability to Suppress the VOR | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 65-year-old woman presenting with visual complaints in the setting of advanced progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). She had complete vertical and horizontal ophthalmoplegia, although the vestibulo-ocular reflex... | Image/MovingImage |
111 |
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PSP with Vertical Gaze Palsy, Abnormal Optokinetic Nystagmus and Inability to Suppress Blinking to Light | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 75-year-old woman with a diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Examination demonstrated vertical supranuclear gaze palsy (i.e., it could be overcome by the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex [VOR]), s... | Image/MovingImage |
112 |
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Range of Motion (Ductions) | Range of motion (ductions): check the range of each individual eye (ductions) if there is diplopia or if a motility deficit is suspected. Instructing the patient to hold their head 20o to the right or to the left may provide a better view of the range of horizontal gaze, if there is diplopia or if a... | Image/MovingImage |
113 |
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Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in Compressive Optic Neuropathy Due to Meningioma | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 35-year-old woman with a compressive optic neuropathy OS due to a meningioma. She had normal acuity and color OD, with 20/40 acuity and dyschromatopsia OS. There was loss of visual field OS with a mainly tempora... | Image/MovingImage |
114 |
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Reversal of Vertical Nystagmus with Convergence in Anti-DPPX Encephalitis | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a man who initially presented with spontaneous upbeat and torsional nystagmus, which led to the diagnosis of anti-DPPX encephalitis (for further details on this patient's course and for a video of his nystagmus, s... | Image/MovingImage |
115 |
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Right Dix Hallpike Test | The Dix-Hallpike tests for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). A test is positive when a patient reports vertigo, dizziness, or sensation of movement or falling with nystagmus present. When the head is in this position, it allows the posterior canal to be aligned with the gravitational vect... | Text |
116 |
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Right Dix Hallpike Test (Video) | The Dix-Hallpike tests for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). A test is positive when a patient reports vertigo, dizziness, or sensation of movement or falling with nystagmus present. When the head is in this position, it allows the posterior canal to be aligned with the gravitational vect... | Image/MovingImage |
117 |
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Right Half Hallpike Test | The Half Hallpike Test compliments the Dix Hallpike Test and is traditionally used to assist with the diagnosis of posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BC-BPPV), cupulolithiasis, as it may produce a greater degree of deflection under the action of gravity without latency when the ot... | Text |
118 |
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Right Half Hallpike Test (Video) | The Half Hallpike Test compliments the Dix Hallpike Test and is traditionally used to assist with the diagnosis of posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BC-BPPV), cupulolithiasis, as it may produce a greater degree of deflection under the action of gravity without latency when the o... | Image/MovingImage |
119 |
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Saccades | Saccades: instruct the patient to make rapid movements of their eyes in each gaze direction, noting the speed, conjugacy, latency, and accuracy. First have the patient look between an eccentric target and the camera horizontally and vertically, making assessment of accuracy easier - e.g., overshooti... | Image/MovingImage |
120 |
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Secondary Stroke Prevention | A brief overview of secondary stroke prevention. (TIA = Transient Ischemic Attack) | Text |
121 |
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Short Canal Repositioning Maneuver for Anterior Canal BPPV | The Short Canal Repositioning Maneuver is used to treat anterior canal BPPV. 1. The patient's head is rotated 45-degrees towards the affected side. 2. The patient's maintains head in a 45-degree position and enters a head hanging position (40 degrees below the horizontal). 3. The patient then mainta... | Text |
122 |
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Short Canal Repositioning Maneuver for Anterior Canal BPPV (Video) | The Short Canal Repositioning Maneuver is used to treat anterior canal BPPV. 1. The patient's head is rotated 45-degrees towards the affected side. 2. The patient's maintains head in a 45-degree position and enters a head hanging position (40 degrees below the horizontal). 3. The patient then mainta... | Image/MovingImage |
123 |
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Side-lying Test for Right BPPV | The side-lying test is an alternative for the Dix Hallpike Test as it reduces the need for cervical extension. The interpretation of a positive test is the same as the Dix Hallpike Test. | Text |
124 |
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Side-lying Test for Right BPPV (Video) | The side-lying test is an alternative for the Dix Hallpike Test as it reduces the need for cervical extension. The interpretation of a positive test is the same as the Dix Hallpike Test. | Image/MovingImage |
125 |
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Sitting & Walking Oscillopsia in a Patient with Bilateral Vestibular Loss & Head Tremor | This is a 55-year-old man with oscillopsia for two reasons: He experienced oscillopsia at rest - so-called ‘sitting' oscillopsia - not from spontaneous nystagmus, but because of a combination of bilateral vestibular loss (BVL) and a mainly horizontal head tremor (this is sometimes referred to a... | Image/MovingImage |